Membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for lithium extraction from salt lakes by electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2023203687-A1
Application number	US-202218086681-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 22, 2022
Priority date	Dec 28, 2021
Publication date	Jun 29, 2023
Grant date	—

Abstract

A membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for lithium extraction from salt lakes by electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation includes a positioning supporting plate as well as a first compressing plate, a first rubber gasket, at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit, a second rubber gasket, and a second compressing plate which are sequentially arranged in an overlapped manner; a compressing apparatus for abutting against the second compressing plate is arranged on one side of the second compressing plate to enable peripheral edges of the first compressing plate, the first rubber gasket, the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit, the second rubber gasket, and the second compressing plate to be sealed; the first compressing plate is provided with water outlet pipes communicated with the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit; and the second compressing plate is provided with water inlet pipes communicated with the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for a lithium extraction from salt lakes by an electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation, comprising: a positioning supporting plate, a first compressing plate, a first rubber gasket, at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit, a second rubber gasket, and a second compressing plate, wherein the first compressing plate, the first rubber gasket, the at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit, the second rubber gasket, and the second compressing plate are sequentially arranged on the positioning supporting plate in an overlapped manner; a compressing apparatus for abutting against the second compressing plate is arranged on one side of the second compressing plate to enable peripheral edges of the first compressing plate, the first rubber gasket, the at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit, the second rubber gasket, and the second compressing plate to be sealed; the first compressing plate is provided with water outlet pipes communicated with the at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit; and the second compressing plate is provided with water inlet pipes communicated with the at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit.

2 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation unit comprises a first water distribution plate, an anode plate, a second water distribution plate, a first anion permlselective membrane, a third water distribution plate, a cathode plate, a fourth water distribution plate, and a second anion permlselective membrane sequentially arranged in an overlapped manner; the first water distribution plate, the anode plate, the second water distribution plate, the first anion permlselective membrane, the third water distribution plate, the cathode plate, the fourth water distribution plate, and the second anion permlselective membrane are each provided with a plurality of liquid passing holes arranged at equal intervals, wherein a number of the plurality of liquid passing holes is larger than or equal to a number of the water inlet pipes or the water outlet pipes; and corresponding water inlet pipes or corresponding water outlet pipes ( 21 ) and corresponding liquid passing holes are positioned on a same axis.

3 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 2 , wherein the positioning supporting plate is an L-shaped antirust steel plate, and a thickness of the positioning supporting plate is 5-100 mm.

4 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 2 , wherein the first compressing plate and the second compressing plate are antirust steel plates, and thicknesses of the first compressing plate and the second compressing plate are each 5-100 mm; at least six water outlet pipes are arranged on the first compressing plate at equal intervals; and at least six water inlet pipes are arranged on the second compressing plate at equal intervals.

5 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 2 , wherein the first rubber gasket and the second rubber gasket both are nitrile rubber gaskets, chloroprene rubber gaskets, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer gaskets, or silicone rubber gaskets, thicknesses of the first rubber gasket and the second rubber gasket are each 3-20 mm; and the first water distribution plate, the second water distribution plate, the third water distribution plate, and the fourth water distribution plate each are one of PVC plates, PE plates, PP plates, and PPH plates.

6 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 5 , wherein the first water distribution plate, the second water distribution plate, the third water distribution plate, and the fourth water distribution plate each comprise a water distribution frame, a water distribution grid arranged in the water distribution frame, and fluid flow channels arranged in the water distribution frame; a first end of each of the fluid flow channels communicates with the water distribution grid, and a second end of each of the fluid flow channels communicates with the corresponding liquid passing holes; and the fluid flow channels in the first water distribution plate and the second water distribution plate are staggered from the fluid flow channels in the third water distribution plate and the fourth water distribution plate.

7 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 2 , wherein the anode plate is coated with a lithium-intercalated active substance; the cathode plate is coated with a lithium-deficient active substance; and the first anion permlselective membrane and the second anion permlselective membrane both are monovalent anion permlselective membranes with thicknesses of less than 0.5 mm and resistances of less than 30 Ω/cm 2 .

8 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 7 , wherein the lithium-intercalated active substance is one of LiFePO 4 , LiMn 2 O 4 , and LiNi x Co y Mn 1-x-y O 2 , wherein 0<x+y<1, and the lithium-deficient active substance is one of Li 1-x FePO 4 , Li 1-x Mn 2 O 4 , and Li 1-x Ni y Co z Mn 1-y-z O 2 , wherein 0<x<1, and 0<y+z<1.

9 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 8 , wherein current collectors and tabs on the cathode plate and the anode plate are one of titanium meshes, titanium foils, and carbon fiber cloth.

10 . The membrane-stacked electrolytic bath for the lithium extraction from the salt lakes by the electrochemical intercalation/deintercalation according to claim 9 , wherein sealing strips are arranged on peripheral edges of the cathode plate and the anode plate.

Assignees

• Univ Central South

Inventors

• He Lihua
• Zhao Zhongwei
• Liu Xuheng

Classifications

• C25C1/02 Primary

  of light metals · CPC title

• C25C7/02

  Electrodes (consumable anodes for the refining the metals C25C1/00 - C25C5/00); Connections thereof · CPC title

• C25C7/04

  Diaphragms; Spacing elements · CPC title

• Y02P10/20

  Recycling · CPC title