1 . An alkane dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a graphene, the graphene having at least one type of structure selected from: an atomic vacancy structure; a singly hydrogenated vacancy structure; a doubly hydrogenated vacancy structure a triply hydrogenated vacancy structure; and a nitrogen-substituted vacancy structure.
2 . The alkane dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the graphene has from 2 to 200 of the at least one type of structure selected from: an atomic vacancy structure; a singly hydrogenated vacancy structure; a doubly hydrogenated vacancy structure; a triply hydrogenated vacancy structure; and a nitrogen-substituted vacancy structure, per 100 nm 2 of an atomic film of the graphene.
3 . A method of producing an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst, comprising colliding high-energy particles with a raw material graphene to obtain the alkane dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1 .
4 . The method of producing an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 3 , wherein the raw material graphene is a graphene obtained by a detonation method.
5 . A method of producing hydrogen, comprising extracting hydrogen from an alkane using the alkane dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 1 .
6 . The method of producing hydrogen according to claim 5 , further comprising adsorbing-storing the hydrogen extracted from an alkane in an atomic vacancy site of the graphene.
7 . A hydrogen production apparatus producing hydrogen using the method according to claim 5 .
8 . A method of producing ammonia, comprising producing hydrogen by the method according to claim 5 , and reducing a nitrogen oxide using the produced hydrogen to obtain ammonia.
9 . An ammonia production apparatus, producing ammonia using the method according to claim 8 .
10 . A graphene having at least one type of structure selected from: an atomic vacancy structure; a singly hydrogenated vacancy structure; a doubly hydrogenated vacancy structure a triply hydrogenated vacancy structure; and a nitrogen-substituted vacancy structure,
wherein the graphene is obtained by colliding high-energy particles with a raw material graphene.
11 . A method of producing hydrogen, comprising extracting hydrogen from an alkane using the graphene according to claim 10 .
12 . A hydrogen production apparatus producing hydrogen using the method according to claim 11 .
13 . A method of producing ammonia, comprising producing hydrogen by the method according to claim 11 , and reducing a nitrogen oxide using the produced hydrogen to obtain ammonia.
14 . An ammonia production apparatus, producing ammonia using the method according to claim 13 .
15 . A dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a graphene having at least one type of structure selected from: an atomic vacancy structure; a singly hydrogenated vacancy structure; a doubly hydrogenated vacancy structure a triply hydrogenated vacancy structure; and a nitrogen-substituted vacancy structure,
wherein the catalyst is substantially free of metal, or the catalyst include a metal, the content of the metal is 1 wt. % or less of the content of the graphene.
16 . A method of producing hydrogen, comprising extracting hydrogen from an alkane using the dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 15 .
17 . A hydrogen production apparatus producing hydrogen using the method according to claim 16 .
18 . A method of producing ammonia, comprising producing hydrogen by the method according to claim 16 , and reducing a nitrogen oxide using the produced hydrogen to obtain ammonia.
19 . An ammonia production apparatus, producing ammonia using the method according to claim 18 .