Emulsifier package with quaternary ammonium surfactant for fuel emulsion

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2022220401-A1
Application number	US-202017608360-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 23, 2020
Priority date	May 3, 2019
Publication date	Jul 14, 2022
Grant date	—

Abstract

A fuel emulsion for powering a diesel engine contains water, a fuel, and an emulsifier package which contains a quaternary ammonium surfactant. A method for powering a diesel engine with the fuel emulsion involves preparing the fuel emulsion by emulsifying a fuel and water in the presence of the emulsifier package. An emulsifier package for emulsifying a fuel and water contains a quaternary ammonium surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant, which is an alkoxylate. The quaternary ammonium surfactant is obtainable by reacting a quaternizable nitrogen compound containing at least one quaternizable, especially tertiary, amino group with a quaternizing agent; which converts the at least one quaternizable, especially tertiary, amino group to a quaternary ammonium group, where the quaternizing agent is a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with a free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid.

First claim

1 . A fuel emulsion for powering a diesel engine, comprising:
water, a fuel, and an emulsifier package, which comprises a quaternary ammonium surfactant.

2 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier package comprises at least one nonionic surfactant, which is an alkoxylate.

3 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier package comprises at least two nonionic surfactants, which are alkoxylates selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylate of fatty amide, castor oil ethoxylate, and ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

4 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 2 , wherein the emulsifier package comprises at least 60 wt % of the at least one nonionic surfactant.

5 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the quaternary ammonium surfactant is a reaction product obtainable by
reacting a quaternizable nitrogen compound comprising at least one quaternizable amino group with a quaternizing agent, which converts the at least one quaternizable amino group to a quaternary ammonium group. wherein the quaternizing agent is a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with a free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid.

6 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the emulsifier package comprises 1 to 40 wt % of the quaternary ammonium surfactant.

7 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel emulsion comprises the emulsifier package in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 wt %, based on the fuel emulsion.

8 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel emulsion is an oil-in-water emulsion.

9 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel emulsion comprises 50 to 80 wt % water.

10 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel is marine fuel.

11 . A method for powering a diesel engine with a fuel emulsion, the method comprising:
preparing the fuel emulsion according to claim 1 by emulsifying the fuel and water in the presence of the emulsifier package.

12 . An emulsifier package for emulsifying a fuel and water, comprising:
a quaternary ammonium surfactant, which is obtainable by reacting a quaternizable nitrogen compound comprising at least one quaternizable amino group with a quaternizing agent, which converts the at least one quaternizable amino group to a quaternary ammonium group, wherein the quaternizing agent is a hydrocarbyl epoxide in combination with a free hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid, and at least one nonionic surfactant, which is an alkoxylate.

13 . The emulsifier package according to claim 12 , comprising at least two nonionic surfactants, which are alkoxylates selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylate of fatty amide, castor oil ethoxylate, and ethoxylated fatty alcohol.

14 . The emulsifier package according to claim 12 , comprising 1 to 40 wt % of the quaternary ammonium surfactant.

15 . The emulsifier package according to claim 12 , comprising at least 60 wt % of the at least one nonionic surfactant.

16 . The fuel emulsion according to claim 5 , wherein the at least one quaternizable amino group is at least one quaternizable tertiary amino group.

17 . The emulsifier package according to claim 12 , wherein the at least one quaternizable amino group is at least one quaternizable tertiary amino group.

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Harhausen Marcel
• Schoeppe Thorsten

Classifications

• C10L1/143

  mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds · CPC title

• C10L1/2225

  hydroxy containing (C10L1/221 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C10L2250/084

  Water in oil (w/o) emulsion · CPC title

• C10L1/1985

  polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters · CPC title

• C10L2250/08

  Emulsion details · CPC title