Composite graphene energy storage methods, devices, and systems

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2022199994-A1
Application number	US-202217692341-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Mar 11, 2022
Priority date	Sep 27, 2019
Publication date	Jun 23, 2022
Grant date	—

Abstract

Provided herein are energy storage devices (400, 500, 600A, and 600B) having an anode comprising a layered double hydroxide (702) comprising divalent ions and trivalent ions, both of which contribute to energy storage. In some embodiments, the specific combination of device chemistry, active materials, and electrolytes (430) described herein form storage devices that operate at high voltage and exhibit the capacity of a battery and the power performance of supercapacitors in one device.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An energy storage device comprising:
(a) a first electrode comprising:
(i) a graphene sheet wherein a percentage by mass or volume of the graphene sheet in the first electrode is at most about 5%;
(ii) a layered double hydroxide coupled to the graphene sheet;
(iii) a binder;
(iv) a conductive additive; and
(v) a first current collector;
(b) a second electrode comprising:
(i) a hydroxide; and
(ii) a second current collector;
(c) a separator; and (d) an electrolyte.

2 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the layered double hydroxide comprises an M 2+ metal cation, an M 3+ metal cation, a hydroxide ion, an octahedral site with a trivalent metal cation, an octahedral site with a divalent metal cation, a water molecule, an anion, or any combination thereof.

3 . The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the M 2+ metal cation comprises barium, cadmium, calcium, cobalt, copper (II), iron (II), lead (II), magnesium, mercury (I), mercury (II), nickel, strontium, tin, zinc, or any combination thereof.

4 . The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the M 3+ metal cation comprises aluminum, bismuth, chromium (III), iron (III), or any combination thereof.

5 . The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the anion comprises nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, or any combination thereof.

6 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises a polymeric binder.

7 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the conductive additive comprises a zero-dimensional carbon additive, a one-dimensional carbon additive, a two-dimensional carbon additive, a three-dimensional carbon additive, or any combination thereof.

8 . The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein the zero-dimensional carbon additive comprises carbon black, acetylene black, or both.

9 . The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein the one-dimensional carbon additive comprises a carbon fiber, an activated carbon fiber, a carbon nanotube, an activated carbon nanotube, a carbon nanoplatelet, an activated carbon nanoplatelet, a carbon nanoribbon, an activated carbon nanoribbon, or any combination thereof.

10 . The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein at least one of the graphene sheet and the two-dimensional carbon additive comprises a graphene sheet, an activated graphene sheet, a reduced graphene sheet, a holey graphene sheet, a graphene oxide sheet, an activated graphene oxide sheet, a reduced graphene oxide sheet, a holey graphene oxide sheet, a reduced holey graphene oxide sheet, or any combination thereof.

11 . The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein the three-dimensional carbon additive comprises graphite, carbon foam, activated carbon, spherical graphene, graphene foam, carbon aerogel, graphene aerogel, porous carbon, a buckminsterfullerene, an interconnected corrugated carbon-based network, or any combination thereof.

12 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the energy storage device stores energy through both redox reactions and ion adsorption.

13 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises:
(a) a hydroxide; (b) an additive; (c) a stabilizer; (d) a hydrogen evolution inhibitor; and (e) a conductivity enhancer.

14 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the graphene sheet comprises a graphene sheet, an activated graphene sheet, a reduced graphene sheet, a holey graphene sheet, a graphene oxide sheet, an activated graphene oxide sheet, a reduced graphene oxide sheet, a holey graphene oxide sheet, a reduced holey graphene oxide sheet, or any combination thereof.

15 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein a concentration by mass, by volume, or both of the graphene sheet in the first electrode is about 0.1% to about 10%.

16 . The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the first current collector comprises a copper-based current collector, a nickel-based current collector, a zinc-based current collector, a graphite-based current collector, a stainless steel-based current collector, a brass-based current collector, a bronze-based current collector, or any combination thereof.

17 . An electrode comprising:
(a) a graphene sheet, wherein a percentage by mass or volume of the graphene sheet in the first electrode is at most about 5%; (b) a layered double hydroxide coupled to the graphene sheet; (c) a binder; (d) a conductive additive; and (e) a current collector.

18 . The energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein the graphene sheet comprises an activated graphene sheet, a reduced graphene sheet, a holey graphene sheet, a graphene oxide sheet, an activated graphene oxide sheet, a reduced graphene oxide sheet, a holey graphene oxide sheet, a reduced holey graphene oxide sheet, or any combination thereof.

19 . The electrode of claim 17 , wherein the layered double hydroxide comprises an M 2+ metal cation, an M 3+ metal cation, a hydroxide ion, an octahedral site with a trivalent metal cation, an octahedral site with a divalent metal cation, a water molecule, an anion, or any combination thereof.

20 . The electrode of claim 19 , wherein the M 2+ metal cation comprises barium, cadmium, calcium, cobalt, copper (II), iron (II), lead (II), magnesium, mercury (I), mercury (II), nickel, strontium, tin, zinc, or any combination thereof.

21 . The electrode of claim 19 , wherein the M 3+ metal cation comprises aluminum, bismuth, chromium (III), iron (III), or any combination thereof.

22 . The electrode of claim 19 , wherein the anion comprises nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, chloride, bromide, or any combination thereof.

23 . The electrode of claim 17 , wherein the binder comprises a polymeric binder.

24 . The electrode of claim 17 , wherein the conductive additive comprises a zero-dimensional carbon additive, a one-dimensional carbon additive, a two-dimensional carbon additive, a three-dimensional carbon additive, or any combination thereof.

25 . The electrode of claim 24 , wherein the zero-dimensional carbon additive comprises carbon black, acetylene black, or both.

26 . The electrode of claim 24 , wherein the one-dimensional carbon additive comprises a carbon fiber, an activated carbon fiber, a carbon nanotube, an activated carbon nanotube, a carbon nanoplatelet, an activated carbon nanoplatelet, a carbon nanoribbon, an activated carbon nanoribbon, or any combination thereof.

27 . The electrode of claim 24 , wherein at least one of the graphene sheet and the two-dimensional carbon additive comprises a graphene sheet, an activated graphene sheet, a reduced graphene sheet, a holey graphene sheet, a graphene oxide sheet, an activated graphene oxide sheet, a reduced graphene oxide sheet, a holey graphene oxide sheet, a reduced holey graphene oxide sheet, or any combination thereof.

28 . The electrode of claim 24 , wherein the three-dimensional carbon additive comprises graphite, carbon foam, activated carbon, spherical graphene, graphene foam, carbon aerogel, graphene aerogel, porous carbon, a buckminsterfullerene, an interconnected corrugated carbon-based network, or any combination thereof.

29 . The electrode of claim 16 , wherein a concentration by mass, by volume, or both of the graphene sheet in the first electrode is about 0.1% to about 10%.

Assignees

• Univ California

Inventors

• El-Kady Maher F
• Wang Haosen
• Kaner Richard B

Classifications

• H01M4/133

  Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M4/1393

  of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/62

  Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers · CPC title

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title