Rare earth element mxenes and methods of making thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2022112582-A1
Application number	US-202117497003-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 8, 2021
Priority date	Oct 9, 2020
Publication date	Apr 14, 2022
Grant date	—

Abstract

A composition of matter defined by the general formula of M2+vL1−vX2, wherein: X is carbon; M represents a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ta, Sc, Cr, Zr, Mo, V, and Nb; and L represents a lanthanide element selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A composition of matter defined by the general formula of M 2+v L 1−v X 2 , wherein:
X is carbon; M represents a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ta, Sc, Cr, Zr, Mo, V, and Nb; and L represents a lanthanide element selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein M is Mo.

3 . The composition of claim 2 , wherein L is Nd.

4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a MXene.

5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein v is smaller than 0.5.

6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is produced by at least:
preparing precursor MAX phase powder; etching the MAX phase powder to obtain multi-layered MXene powder; and delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder to obtain single-to-few-layered MXene flakes.

7 . The composition of claim 6 , wherein preparing precursor MAX phase powder includes mixing and reactive sintering elemental powders of transition metal M and lanthanide element L with Al and M:L:Al:C in 2.5:0.5:1:1:2 stoichiometric ratio to obtain one or more sintered MAX phase blocks.

8 . The composition of claim 7 , wherein preparing precursor MAX phase powder further includes milling the one or more sintered MAX phase blocks to obtain the MAX phase powder.

9 . The composition of claim 6 , wherein etching the MAX phase powder includes adding the MAX phase powder into an aqueous hydrofluoric acid to selectively etch away Al to obtain multi-layered MXene powder.

10 . The composition of claim 6 , wherein delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder includes delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH).

11 . The composition of claim 10 , wherein delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder further includes filtering MXene from TMAOH to obtain the single-to-few-layered MXene flakes.

12 . A method of producing a composition of matter defined by the general formula of M 2+v L 1−v X 2 , the method comprising:
preparing precursor MAX phase powder; etching the MAX phase powder to obtain multi-layered MXene powder; and delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder to obtain single-to-few-layered MXene flakes having the general formula of M 2+v L 1−v X 2 , wherein:
X is carbon;
M represents a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ta, Sc, Cr, Zr, Mo, V, and Nb; and
L represents a lanthanide element selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein M is Mo.

14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein L is Nd.

15 . The method of claim 12 , wherein v is smaller than 0.5.

16 . The method of claim 12 , wherein preparing precursor MAX phase powder includes mixing and reactive sintering elemental powders of transition metal M and lanthanide element L with Al and M:L:Al:C in 2.5:0.5:1:1:2 stoichiometric ratio to obtain one or more sintered MAX phase blocks.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein preparing precursor MAX phase powder further includes milling the one or more sintered MAX phase blocks to obtain the MAX phase powder.

18 . The method of claim 12 , wherein etching the MAX phase powder includes adding the MAX phase powder into an aqueous hydrofluoric acid to selectively etch away Al to obtain multi-layered MXene powder.

19 . The method of claim 12 , wherein delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder includes delaminating the multi-layered MXene powder using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH).

20 . A composition of matter defined by the general formula of M 2+v L 2−v AX 3 , wherein:
X is carbon; A is aluminum; M represents a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ta, Sc, Cr, Zr, Mo, V, and Nb; and L represents a lanthanide element selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

Assignees

• Univ Indiana Trustees

Inventors

• Anasori Babak
• Hong Weichen

Classifications

• C22C1/051

  Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• C01B32/90

  Carbides · CPC title

• C01P2004/24

  Nanoplates, i.e. plate-like particles with a thickness from 1-100 nanometer · CPC title

• C01B32/907

  Oxycarbides; Sulfocarbides; Mixture of carbides · CPC title