High-carbon biogenic reagents and uses thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021395632-A1
Application number	US-202117390704-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jul 30, 2021
Priority date	Apr 15, 2011
Publication date	Dec 23, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

First claim

I/We claim:

1 . A biogenic stoker carbon composition comprising, on a dry basis:
at least about 55 wt % total carbon; at most about 5 wt % hydrogen; at most about 1 wt % nitrogen; at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; and an additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.

2 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium, manganese, aluminum, nickel, chromium, silicon, boron, cerium, molybdenum, phosphorus, tungsten, vanadium, iron halide, iron chloride, iron bromide, magnesium oxide, dolomite, dolomitic lime, fluorite, fluorospar, bentonite, calcium oxide, lime, or a combination thereof.

3 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition comprises at least about 70 wt % total carbon on a dry basis.

4 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition comprises at least about 95 wt % total carbon on a dry basis.

5 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

6 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the total carbon consists essentially of biogenic carbon.

7 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , comprising a heat value of at least about 11,000 BTU per pound.

8 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 1 , comprising a minimum dimension of about 1 inch and a maximum dimension of about 3 inches.

9 . A biogenic stoker carbon composition comprising, on a dry basis:
at least about 55 wt % total carbon; at most about 5 wt % hydrogen; at most about 1 wt % nitrogen; at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; and an additive selected from an acid or a salt thereof, or a base or a salt thereof.

10 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , wherein the additive is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, sodium silicate, potassium permanganate, or a combination thereof.

11 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition comprises at least about 70 wt % total carbon on a dry basis.

12 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition comprises at least about 95 wt % total carbon on a dry basis.

13 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , wherein the biogenic stoker carbon composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

14 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , wherein the total carbon consists essentially of biogenic carbon.

15 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , comprising a heat value of at least about 11,000 BTU per pound.

16 . The biogenic stoker carbon composition of claim 9 , comprising a minimum dimension of about 1 inch and a maximum dimension of about 3 inches.

17 . A biogenic stoker carbon composition consisting essentially of, on a dry basis, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, non-combustible matter, and an additive selected from the group consisting of magnesium, manganese, aluminum, nickel, chromium, silicon, boron, cerium, molybdenum, phosphorus, tungsten, vanadium, iron halide, iron chloride, iron bromide, magnesium oxide, dolomite, dolomitic lime, fluorite, fluorospar, bentonite, calcium oxide, lime, and combinations thereof.

18 . A biogenic stoker carbon composition consisting essentially of, on a dry basis, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, non-combustible matter, and an additive selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, sodium silicate, potassium permanganate, and combinations thereof.

Assignees

• Carbon Tech Holdings Llc

Inventors

• Despen Daniel J
• Mennell James A
• Filips Steve

Classifications

• C10B57/06

  containing additives · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• Y02E50/30

  Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel · CPC title

• C10B39/00

  Cooling or quenching coke · CPC title

• C10B47/30

  in rotary ovens or retorts · CPC title