Friction stir spot welding apparatus and friction stir spot welding method

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021331421-A1
Application number	US-202117368826-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jul 7, 2021
Priority date	Jan 7, 2019
Publication date	Oct 28, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

A friction stir spot welding apparatus including a controller that (A) operates a rotary driver and a tool driver such that a pin and a shoulder are brought into contact with a welded workpiece; (B) operates, after the (A), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin separates from the welded workpiece; and (C) operates, after the (B), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin advances toward the welded workpiece. The controller controls the tool driver such that pressing force applied to the welded workpiece from the pin and the shoulder in the (C) is smaller than that in the (B) and/or controls the rotary driver such that rotational frequencies of the pin and the shoulder in the (C) are lower than those in the (B).

First claim

1 . A friction stir spot welding apparatus that partially stirs a welded workpiece including a first workpiece and a second workpiece to weld the first workpiece and the second workpiece to each other, the first workpiece including fiber reinforced plastic, the friction stir spot welding apparatus comprising:
a pin that is cylindrical or columnar, rotates about an axis, and advances or retreats in a direction along the axis; a shoulder that is cylindrical, rotates about the axis, and advances or retreats in the direction along the axis, the pin being within the shoulder; a rotary driver to rotate the pin and the shoulder about the axis; a tool driver to advance and retreat the pin and the shoulder along the axis; and circuitry configured to: (A) operate the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin and the shoulder are brought into contact with the welded workpiece while rotating about the axis, (B) operate, after the (A), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin moves in a direction away from the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, or such that the shoulder is further pressed in the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, and (C) operate, after the (B), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin advances toward the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, or such that the shoulder moves in the direction away from the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, wherein the circuitry is configured to control the tool driver such that pressing force applied to the welded workpiece from the pin and the shoulder in the (C) is smaller than that in the (B) and/or controls the rotary driver such that rotational frequencies of the pin and the shoulder in the (C) are lower than those in the (B).

2 . The friction stir spot welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to (D) operate, after the (C), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that an end surface of the pin and an end surface of the shoulder are located on a front surface of the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis and control the rotary driver such that the rotational frequencies of the pin and the shoulder in the (D) are lower than those in the (B) or the (C).

3 . The friction stir spot welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to (D) operate, after the (C), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that an end surface of the pin and an end surface of the shoulder are located on a front surface of the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis and control the tool driver such that the pressing force applied to the welded workpiece from the pin and the shoulder in the (D) is larger than that in the (C).

4 . The friction stir spot welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the second workpiece includes fiber reinforced plastic.

5 . The friction stir spot welding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:
the second workpiece includes metal and includes a hole and the circuitry is configured to change a movement speed of the pin in the (C) in accordance with hardness of the fiber reinforced plastic located around an end portion of the pin.

6 . A method of operating a friction stir spot welding apparatus that partially stirs a welded workpiece including a first workpiece and a second workpiece to weld the first workpiece and the second workpiece to each other, the first workpiece including fiber reinforced plastic,
the friction stir spot welding apparatus comprising: a pin that is cylindrical or columnar, rotates about an axis, and advances or retreats in a direction along the axis; a shoulder that is cylindrical, rotates about the axis, and advances or retreats in the direction along the axis, the pin being within the shoulder; a rotary driver to rotate the pin and the shoulder about the axis; and a tool driver to advance and retreat the pin and the shoulder along the axis, the method comprising: (A) operating the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin and the shoulder are brought into contact with the welded workpiece while rotating about the axis; (B) operating, after the (A), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin moves in a direction away from the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, or such that the shoulder is further pressed in the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis; and (C) operating, after the (B), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that the pin advances toward the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, or such that the shoulder moves in the direction away from the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis, wherein the tool driver operates such that pressing force applied to the welded workpiece from the pin and the shoulder in the (C) is smaller than that in the (B), and/or the rotary driver operates such that rotational frequencies of the pin and the shoulder in the (C) are lower than those in the (B).

7 . The method according to claim 6 , further comprising (D) operating, after the (C), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that an end surface of the pin and an end surface of the shoulder are located on a front surface of the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis,
wherein the rotary driver operates such that the rotational frequencies of the pin and the shoulder in the (D) are lower than those in the (B) or the (C).

8 . The method according to claim 6 , further comprising (D) operating, after the (C), the rotary driver and the tool driver such that an end surface of the pin and an end surface of the shoulder are located on a front surface of the welded workpiece while the pin and the shoulder rotate about the axis,
wherein the tool driver operates such that the pressing force applied to the welded workpiece from the pin and the shoulder in the (D) is larger than that in the (C).

9 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein the second workpiece includes fiber reinforced plastic.

10 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein:
the second workpiece includes metal and includes a hole; and the tool driver operates so as to change a movement speed of the pin in the (C) in accordance with hardness of the fiber reinforced plastic located around an end portion of the pin.

Assignees

• Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd

Inventors

• Okada Hideki
• Miyake Masahiro

Classifications

• B29C66/9241

  by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power · CPC title

• B23K2103/42

  Plastics other than composite materials · CPC title

• B23K2103/38

  Fabrics; Fibrous materials · CPC title

• B23K2103/16

  Composite materials · CPC title

• B23K20/22

  taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded · CPC title