Compositions and uses of nanoscale diamond particles for artificial joint

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021069379-A1
Application number	US-202017015246-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Sep 9, 2020
Priority date	Sep 10, 2019
Publication date	Mar 11, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

A new insight on the lubrication of artificial joint components is presented. Addition of small amounts of nanoscale diamond particles to an artificial joint promotes a substantial improvement in friction and wear behavior of the artificial joint surfaces. Artificial joint implants are made from a variety of materials ranging from metal alloys to polymers. Suitable methods of applying nanoscale diamond particles to an artificial joint include (i) coating an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles onto the artificial joint prior to implants; (ii) applying a composition to the artificial joint during an artificial joint implanting surgery, wherein said composition comprises a biocompatible carrier fluid and an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles dispersed in the biocompatible carrier fluid; (iii) injecting the composition for lubricating the artificial joint into the artificial joint.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A composition for lubricating an artificial joint in a subject in need thereof; the composition comprising:
(i) a biocompatible carrier fluid; and (ii) an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles dispersed in the biocompatible carrier fluid to lubricate the artificial joint when applied to the artificial joint in the subject.

2 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles are spherical, elliptical, faceted, or a mixture thereof.

3 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles comprise carbon atoms, and
wherein the carbon atoms have an orbital hybridization that is about 50% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 60% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 70% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 80% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 90% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, or about 95% to about 99% sp 3 carbon.

4 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles are made by a process selected from the group consisting of detonation technique, laser ablation, high-energy ball milling of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) diamond microcrystals, plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD), autoclave synthesis from supercritical fluids, chlorination of carbides, ion irradiation of graphite, electron irradiation of carbon ‘onions’, ultrasound cavitation, and a combination thereof.

5 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles have a volumetric size of about 1 nm to about 20 nm, about 1 nm to about 10 nm, about 2 nm to about 10 nm, about 2 nm to about 8 nm, about 2 nm to about 6 nm, about 3 nm to about 5 nm, about 3 nm, about 4 nm, or about 5 nm.

6 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles are carboxylated.

7 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles are present at a concentration of about 0.001 wt % to about 0.25 wt %, 0.005 wt % to about 0.25 wt %, about 0.01 wt % to about 0.25 wt %, about 0.01 wt % to about 0.2 wt %, about 0.05 wt % to about 0.2 wt %, about 0.05 wt % to about 0.15 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.15 wt %, about 0.05 wt %, about 0.1 wt %, or about 0.15 wt % based upon an entire weight of the composition.

8 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible carrier fluid is selected from the group consisting of a simulated body fluid, a synovial fluid, a combination thereof, and mixtures thereof with one or more additional fluids.

9 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is effective to reduce coefficient of friction at the artificial joint by at least 50% as compared to the otherwise same composition except without the nanoscale diamond particles.

10 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is effective to reduce wear at the artificial joint by at least one order of magnitude as compared to the otherwise same composition except without the nanoscale diamond particles.

11 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is effective to reduce bacteria growth by at least 20% as compared to the otherwise same composition except without the nanoscale diamond particles.

12 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the artificial joint is made of a material selected from the group consisting of titanium-based alloys, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyoxymethylene, stainless steel, cobalt-based alloys, chromium-based alloys, molybdenum-based alloys, and a combination thereof.

13 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the artificial joint is made of a material selected from the group consisting of Ti—Nb—Ta—Zr, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Fe, and a combination thereof.

14 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the subject is a mammal.

15 . The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the artificial joint is selected from the group consisting of hip joint, joint of hand, elbow joint, wrist joint, glenohumeral joint, acromioclavicular joint, sternoclavicular joint, vertebral articulation, temporomandibular joint, sacroiliac joint, knee joint, articulation of foot, and a combination thereof.

16 . A method of lubricating an artificial joint in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising: coating an effective amount of nanoscale diamond particles onto the artificial joint to lubricate the artificial joint and/or applying an effective amount of a composition according to claim 1 .

17 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein nanoscale diamond particles are spherical, elliptical, faceted, or a mixture thereof.

18 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles comprise carbon atoms, and
wherein the carbon atoms have an orbital hybridization that is about 50% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 60% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 70% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 80% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, about 90% to about 99% sp 3 carbon, or about 95% to about 99% sp 3 carbon.

19 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles are made by a process selected from the group consisting of detonation technique, laser ablation, high-energy ball milling of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) diamond microcrystals, plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD), autoclave synthesis from supercritical fluids, chlorination of carbides, ion irradiation of graphite, electron irradiation of carbon ‘onions’, and ultrasound cavitation, and a combination thereof.

20 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein the nanoscale diamond particles have a volumetric size of about 1 nm to about 20 nm, about 1 nm to about 10 nm, about 2 nm to about 10 nm, about 2 nm to about 8 nm, about 2 nm to about 6 nm, about 3 nm to about 5 nm, about 3 nm, about 4 nm, or about 5 nm.

Assignees

• Univ North Texas
• Adamas Nanotechnologies Inc

Inventors

• Berman Diana
• Zhu Donghui
• Shenderova Olga

Classifications

• A61L2420/02

  Methods for coating medical devices · CPC title

• A61L2400/12

  Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces · CPC title

• A61L27/50

  Materials characterised by their function or physical properties {, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials} · CPC title

• A61B2017/564

  Methods for bone or joint treatment · CPC title

• A61F2310/00161

  Carbon; Graphite · CPC title