Catalyst

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021066724-A1
Application number	US-201915733736-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 11, 2019
Priority date	Apr 13, 2018
Publication date	Mar 4, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

First claim

1 . A catalyst comprising a first layer comprising a first material, wherein the first material comprises at least one of Ti, W, Hf, or Zr, the first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and the at least one of Ti, W, Hf, or Zr collectively are present in an atomic ratio range from 0.01:1 to 10:1.

2 . The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst surface area is at least 5 percent greater than would be present without the presence of the first layer.

3 . The catalyst of claim 1 , further comprising at least one pair of alternating layers, wherein the first alternating layer comprises the first material, and wherein the second alternating layer comprises Pt.

4 . A method of making the catalyst of claim 1 , the method comprising depositing any of the layers via a deposition technique independently selected from the group consisting of sputtering, atomic layer deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, ion soft landing, thermal physical vapor deposition, vacuum deposition by electrospray ionization, and pulse laser deposition.

5 . The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the first material further comprises at least one of O, N, or C.

6 . The catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the catalyst surface area is at least 5 percent greater than would be present without the presence of the first layer.

7 . The catalyst of claim 5 , further comprising at least one pair of alternating layers, wherein the first alternating layer comprises the first material, and wherein the second alternating layer comprises Pt.

8 . A method of making the catalyst of claim 5 , the method comprising depositing any of the layers via a deposition technique independently selected from the group consisting of sputtering, atomic layer deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, ion soft landing, thermal physical vapor deposition, vacuum deposition by electrospray ionization, and pulse laser deposition.

9 . The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the first material further comprises at least one of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Ir, or Pt.

10 . The catalyst of claim 9 , wherein the catalyst surface area is at least 5 percent greater than would be present without the presence of the first layer.

11 . The catalyst of claim 9 , further comprising at least one pair of alternating layers, wherein the first alternating layer comprises the first material, and wherein the second alternating layer comprises Pt.

12 . A method of making the catalyst of of claim 9 , the method comprising depositing any of the layers via a deposition technique independently selected from the group consisting of sputtering, atomic layer deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, ion soft landing, thermal physical vapor deposition, vacuum deposition by electrospray ionization, and pulse laser deposition.

13 - 16 . (canceled)

17 . An article comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface having a catalyst thereon, wherein the catalyst comprises a first layer comprising a first material, wherein the first material comprises Nb, the first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, wherein the Pt and the Nb collectively are present in an atomic ratio range from 0.01:1 to 10:1.

Assignees

• 3M Innovative Properties Co

Inventors

• Steinbach Andrew J L
• Haug Andrew T
• Lewinski Krzysztof A
• Hester Amy E
• Thoma Grant M
• Bedoya Cedric
• Phipps James A
• Rowe David J
• Duru Cemal S

Classifications

• H01M4/9058

  of noble metals or noble-metal based alloys · CPC title

• H01M4/8657 Primary

  layered · CPC title

• H01M4/92

  Metals of platinum group (H01M4/94 {, H01M4/9058} take precedence) · CPC title

• Y02E60/50

  Fuel cells · CPC title

• H01M4/925

  supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers · CPC title