High capacity electrode materials for batteries and process for their manufacture

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021028451-A1
Application number	US-202017065670-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 8, 2020
Priority date	Sep 29, 2011
Publication date	Jan 28, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present invention provides a nanostructured metal oxide material for use as a component of an electrode in a sodium-ion battery. The material comprises a nanostructured titanium oxide film on a metal foil substrate, which can be produced by depositing or forming a nanostructured titanium dioxide material on the substrate, and then, optionally, charging and discharging the material in an electrochemical cell to improve the capacity and Coulombic efficiency thereof.

First claim

1 . A sodium-ion electrochemical cell comprising a cathode, an anode and a nonaqueous sodium-containing electrolyte therebetween, wherein the anode comprises a film of densely packed amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes on a surface of a metal foil substrate; and wherein the densely packed nanotubes have a wall thickness of about 18 to 25 nm and an outer tubular diameter of about 100 to 150 nm.

2 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a titanium foil.

3 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 2 , wherein the densely packed TiO 2 nanotubes are oriented perpendicular to the surface of the titanium foil.

4 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the densely packed TiO 2 nanotubes are oriented perpendicular to the surface of the metal foil substrate.

5 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a titanium foil, and the densely packed amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes are produced by electrochemical anodization of a surface of the titanium foil, and subsequently drying the resulting film of densely packed amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes to remove water therefrom.

6 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 5 , wherein the densely packed TiO 2 nanotubes are oriented perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.

7 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 5 , wherein the anode further comprises carbon black, graphite and a binder.

8 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 7 , wherein binder comprises poly(vinylidine difluoride).

9 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode further comprises carbon black, graphite and a binder.

10 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 9 , wherein binder comprises poly(vinylidine difluoride).

11 . The sodium electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cell is charged and discharged between about 2.5 and 0.5 V vs. Na/Na + at a rate of about 0.05 Å/g for about 15 cycles to increase the capacity and Coulombic efficiency thereof relative to the initial capacity and Coulombic efficiency achieved during the first cycle.

12 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 11 , wherein the anode further comprises carbon black, graphite and a binder.

13 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 12 , wherein binder comprises poly(vinylidine difluoride).

14 . The sodium electrochemical cell of claim 5 , wherein the cell is charged and discharged between about 2.5 and 0.5 V vs. Na/Na + at a rate of about 0.05 Å/g for about 15 cycles to increase the capacity and Coulombic efficiency thereof relative to the initial capacity and Coulombic efficiency achieved during the first cycle.

15 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 14 , wherein the anode further comprises carbon black, graphite and a binder.

16 . The sodium-ion electrochemical cell of claim 15 , wherein binder comprises poly(vinylidine difluoride).

17 . A sodium-ion battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically linked electrochemical cells of claim 1 .

18 . A sodium-ion battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically linked electrochemical cells of claim 5 .

19 . A sodium-ion battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically linked electrochemical cells of claim 11 .

20 . A sodium-ion battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically linked electrochemical cells of claim 14 .

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Johnson Christopher S
• Xiong Hui
• Rajh Tijana
• Shevchenko Elena
• Tepavcevic Sanja

Classifications

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/483

  for non-aqueous cells (H01M4/485 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/661

  Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings (H01M4/669 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/13

  Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof · CPC title

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title