Solid-state battery having a capacitor-assisted interlayer

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2021021009-A1
Application number	US-201916684070-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 14, 2019
Priority date	Jul 16, 2019
Publication date	Jan 21, 2021
Grant date	—

Abstract

A solid-state battery cell having a capacitor interlayer is disclosed. The solid-state battery includes an anode, a cathode spaced from the anode, a solid-state electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between at least one of (i) the anode and solid-state electrolyte layer, and (ii) the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer. The capacitor assisted interlayer comprise at least one of a polymer-based material, an inorganic material, and a polymer-inorganic hybrid material; and a capacitor anode active material or a capacitor cathode active material. The polymer-based material includes at least one of a poly(ethylene glycol) methylether acrylate with Al2O3 and LiTFSI, a polyethylene oxide (PEO) with LiTFSI, and a poly(vinylidene fluoride) copolymer with hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP)-based gel electrolyte. The inorganic material includes a 70% Li2S-29% P2S5-1% P2O5. The polymer-inorganic hybrid material includes a mixture of PEO, LiTFSI, and 75% Li2S-24% P2S5-1% P2O5 (LPOS).

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A solid-state battery cell, comprising:
an anode; a cathode spaced from the anode; a solid-state electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode; and a capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between at least one of (i) the anode and solid-state electrolyte layer and (ii) the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

2 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a separator interlayer sandwiched between the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer; wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer is sandwiched between the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the capacitor assisted interlayer is in intimate contact with both the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

3 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a separator interlayer sandwiched between the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer; wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer is sandwiched between the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the capacitor assisted interlayer is in intimate contact with both the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

4 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer comprises:
a first capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between and in intimate contact with the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, and a second capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between and in intimate contact with the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

5 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 4 , wherein:
the first capacitor assisted interlayer comprises a capacitor anode active material including at least one of an activated carbon, a soft carbon, a hard carbon, a metal oxide, and a metal sulfide; and the second capacitor assisted interlayer comprises a capacitor cathode active material including at least one of activated carbon, graphene, carbon nano-tubes (CNT), and a conducting polymer.

6 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer comprises:
a polymer-based material including at least one of: a poly(ethylene glycol) methylether acrylate with a Al 2 O 3 and a lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), a polyethylene oxide (PEO) with a LiTFSI, and a poly(vinylidene fluoride) copolymer with a hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP)-based gel electrolyte; and at least one of a capacitor anode active material and a capacitor cathode active material.

7 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer comprises:
an inorganic material including at least one of a 70% Li 2 S-29% P 2 S 5 -1% P 2 O 5 in mol %, and a polymer-inorganic hybrid material including a mixture of PEO, LiTFSI, and 75% Li 2 S-24% P 2 S 5 -1% P 2 O 5 (LPOS) in mol %; and at least one of a capacitor anode active material and a capacitor cathode active material.

8 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer comprises:
at least one of Nb, Al, Si, and Al 2 O 3 , and at least one of a capacitor anode active material and a capacitor cathode active material.

9 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 2 , wherein the separator interlayer is free of a capacitor active material.

10 . The solid-state battery cell of claim 1 , further comprising a liquid electrolyte comprising at least one of an ionic liquid including Li(triethylene glycol dimethyl ether)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li(G 3 )TFSI), a carbonate-based electrolyte including LiPF 6 -EC/DEC, and a concentrated electrolyte including LiTFSI in acetonitrile.

11 . A rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell, comprising:
a cathode comprising a lithium-based active material capable of storing lithium; an anode comprising a lithium host material capable of storing lithium at a lower electrochemical potential relative to the cathode; a solid-state electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode; and a first capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, wherein the first capacitor assisted interlayer is in intimate contact with both the anode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

12 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 11 , wherein the first capacitor assisted interlayer further comprises a capacitor anode active material having at least one of an activated carbon, a soft carbon, a hard carbon, a metal oxide, and a metal sulfides.

13 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 12 , further comprising a second capacitor assisted interlayer sandwiched between the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, wherein the second capacitor assisted interlayer is in intimate contact with both the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer.

14 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 13 , wherein the second capacitor assisted interlayer comprises a capacitor cathode active material including at least one of an activated carbon, a graphene, a carbon nano-tubes (CNT), a porous carbon material, and a conducting polymer.

15 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 14 , wherein the conducting polymer is a Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).

16 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the first capacitor assisted interlayer and the second capacitor assisted interlayer, comprises a polyethylene oxide (PEO) with LiTFSI.

17 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the first capacitor assisted interlayer and the second capacitor assisted interlayer, comprises a mixture comprising of a polyethylene oxide (PEO), a LiTFSI, and a 75% Li 2 S-24% P 2 S 5 -1% P 2 O 5 (LPOS) in mol %.

18 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 11 ,
wherein the solid-state electrolyte layer includes a first solid-state electrolyte, the anode includes a second solid-state electrolyte, and the cathode includes a third solid-state electrolyte, and wherein the first solid-state electrolyte, the second solid-state electrolyte, and the third solid-state electrolyte are different solid electrolytes.

19 . The rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery cell of claim 18 , further includes a liquid electrolyte permeating the solid electrolyte layer, at least one of the first capacitor assisted interlayer and the second capacitor assisted interlayer the anode, and the cathode.

20 . A rechargeable solid-state lithium ion battery having a plurality of battery cells, wherein at least one of the plurality of battery cells comprises:
a cathode comprising a lithium-based active material capable of storing lithium; an anode comprising a lithium host material capable of storing lithium at a lower electrochemical potential relative to the cathode; a solid-state electrolyte layer disposed between the anode and the cathode; a capacitor assisted interlayer intimately sandwiched between the cathode and the solid-state electrolyte layer, wherein the capacitor assisted interlayer includes a capacitor anode active material including at least one of an activated carbon, a soft carbon, a hard carbon, a metal oxide, and a metal sulfide, and a thickness of between about 20 nanometer and about 200 micrometers.

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Li Zhe
• Que Xiaochao
• Liu Haijing
• Su Qili
• Lu Yong

Classifications

• Y02P70/50

  Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product · CPC title

• Y02E60/13

  Energy storage using capacitors · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01G11/56

  Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein · CPC title

• H01G11/54

  Electrolytes · CPC title