Hybrid cell design of alternately stacked or wound lithium ion battery and capacitor electrodes

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020321648-A1
Application number	US-202016906684-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 19, 2020
Priority date	Jul 28, 2016
Publication date	Oct 8, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

Electrodes are formed with a porous layer of particulate electrode material bonded to each of the two major sides of a compatible metal current collector. In one embodiment, opposing electrodes are formed with like lithium-ion battery anode materials or like cathode materials or capacitor materials on both sides of the current collector. In another embodiment, a battery electrode material is applied to one side of a current collector and capacitor material is applied to the other side. In general, the electrodes are formed by combining a suitable grouping of capacitor layers with un-equal numbers of anode and cathode battery layers. One or more pairs of opposing electrodes are assembled to provide a combination of battery and capacitor energy and power properties in a hybrid electrochemical cell. The cells may be formed by stacking or winding rolls of the opposing electrodes with interposed separators.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An electrochemical cell comprising an assembly of at least one pair of stacked or wound rolls of facing, opposing electrical charge electrodes, each electrode consisting of a two-sided current collector strip coated on both sides with a porous layer of particles of an electrode material, each layer of electrode material being one selected from the group consisting of (i) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating anode material for a lithium-ion battery, (ii) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating cathode material for a lithium-ion battery, and (iii) a lithium ion adsorbing/desorbing capacitor material, the porous layers of each electrode being separated from a facing layer of an electrode by a co-extensive porous separator layer;
the two porous layers that are coated on each two-sided current collector strip being selected from the group consisting of: (i) a layer of lithium-ion battery anode material on both sides of the current collector, (ii) a layer of lithium-ion battery cathode material on both sides of the current collector, (iii) a layer of capacitor material on both sides of the current collector, (iv) a layer of lithium-ion battery anode material on one side of the current collector and a layer of capacitor material on the opposing side of the current collector, and (v) a layer of lithium-ion battery cathode material on one side of the current collector and a layer of capacitor material on the opposing side of the current collector; and the at least one pair of opposing electrical charge electrodes including a least one electrode coating layer of capacitor material and an un-equal number of electrode coating layers of anode material and of cathode material, the coating layers on the at least one pair of opposing electrodes being selected to obtain a predetermined combination of energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) for the electrochemical cell.

2 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises one to four pairs of facing, opposing electrodes.

3 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 comprising at least one grouping of a first and second pair of opposing electrodes each having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion anode material and an opposing electrode with two layers of capacitor material, a third pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of cathode material and an opposing electrode with two layers of capacitor material, and a fourth pair of opposing electrodes each opposing electrode having two layers of capacitor material.

4 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 3 in which the at least one grouping of the four pairs of opposing electrodes with interposed separators are assembled in a stacking of the electrodes and separators or they are assembled as a wound roll of the electrodes and separators.

5 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises at least one grouping of a first pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion anode material and an opposing electrode with one layer of lithium-ion cathode material and a second layer of capacitor material.

6 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 5 in which the at least one grouping of the opposing electrodes with interposed separator is assembled in a stacking of the electrodes and separator or they are assembled as a wound roll of the electrodes and separators.

7 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises at least one grouping of a first pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion cathode material and an opposing electrode with one layer of lithium-ion anode material and a second layer of capacitor material, and a second pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion anode material and an opposing electrode with two layers of lithium-ion cathode material.

8 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 7 in which the at least one grouping of the two pairs of opposing electrodes with interposed separators are assembled in a stacking of the electrodes and separators or they are assembled as a wound roll of the electrodes and separators.

9 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises at least one grouping of a first pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion anode material and an opposing electrode with a layer of lithium-ion cathode material and a layer of capacitor material, a second pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with a layer of anode material and a layer of capacitor material and an electrode with a layer of cathode material and a layer of capacitor material, and a third pair of opposing electrodes each having two layers of capacitor material.

10 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 9 in which the at least one grouping of the three pairs of opposing electrodes with interposed separators are assembled in a stacking of the electrodes and separators or they are assembled as a wound roll of the electrodes and separators.

11 . An electrochemical cell comprising an assembly of at least one pair of stacked or wound rolls of facing, opposing electrical charge electrodes, each electrode consisting of a two-sided current collector strip coated on both sides with a porous layer of particles of an electrode material, the porous layers of each electrode being separated from a facing layer of an electrode by a co-extensive porous separator layer;
the two porous layers that are coated on each two-sided current collector strip being selected from the group consisting of: (i) a layer of lithium-ion battery anode material on both sides of the current collector, (ii) a layer of lithium-ion battery cathode material on both sides of the current collector, and (iii) a layer of capacitor material on both sides of the current collector; and the at least one pair of opposing electrical charge electrodes including at least one two-side coated capacitor electrode and an un-equal number of electrodes of anode material and of cathode material, the coating layers on the at least one pair of opposing electrodes being selected to obtain a predetermined combination of energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) for the electrochemical cell.

12 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 11 comprising at least one grouping of a first and second pair of opposing electrodes each having an electrode with two layers of lithium-ion anode material and an opposing electrode with two layers of capacitor material, a third pair of opposing electrodes having an electrode with two layers of cathode material and an opposing electrode with two layers of capacitor material, and a fourth pair of opposing electrodes each electrode having two layers of capacitor material.

13 . An electrochemical cell comprising an assembly of at least one pair of stacked or wound rolls of facing, opposing electrical charge electrodes, each electrode consisting of a two-sided current collector strip coated on both sides with a porous layer of particles of an electrode material, each layer of electrode material being one selected from the group consisting of (i) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating anode material for a lithium-ion battery, (ii) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating cathode material for a lithium-ion battery, and (iii) a lithium ion adsorbing/desorbing capacitor material, the porous layers of each electrode being separated from a facing layer of an electrode by a co-extensive porous separator l

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Liu Haijing
• Yu Zhiqiang
• Liu Jianyong
• Que Xiaochao
• Verbrugge Mark W

Classifications

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• H01M12/00

  Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof (hybrid capacitors H01G11/00) · CPC title

• H01M10/0587

  of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators · CPC title

• H01M10/0585

  of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title