Vessel comprising a bottom of decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination, with lateral injections of liquid to limit fouling

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020246770-A1
Application number	US-202016782197-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 5, 2020
Priority date	Feb 6, 2019
Publication date	Aug 6, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

A vessel for the downflow of a preferably hydrocarbon liquid, containing solid particles: a bottom comprising a cylindrical upper part (11), a lower part (12) with a decreasing cross section and a varying angle of inclination α with respect to the vertical axis (Z), and an outlet pipe (9); injections (5) and (6) of recirculated and/or of makeup liquid into the lower and upper parts respectively; injections (5) inclined with respect to the tangent to the wall of the lower part at the injection point by an angle β1 in the vertical plane (xz) and by an angle β2 in the horizontal plane (xy); injections (6) are inclined with respect to the wall of the upper part by an angle 01 in the vertical plane (xz) and by an angle β2 in the horizontal plane (xy).

First claim

1 . Vessel ( 1 , 100 , 200 , 300 ) for the downflow of a liquid, preferably a hydrocarbon liquid, containing solid particles, comprising:
a bottom comprising a cylindrical upper part ( 11 ) of diameter D 1 , a lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) of decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination α with respect to the axis of revolution (Z) of the said cylindrical upper part, and an outlet pipe ( 9 ) of diameter D 2 , at least one injection ( 5 ) of recirculated and/or makeup liquid into the said lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) of decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination; at least one injection ( 6 ) of recirculated and/or makeup liquid into the said cylindrical upper part ( 11 );
the said injection(s) ( 5 ) situated in the said lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) being inclined with respect to the tangent (T in ) to the wall of the lower part at the injection point by an angle β 1 in the vertical plane (xz) and by an angle β 2 in the horizontal plane (xy); the said injection(s) ( 6 ) situated in the said cylindrical upper part being inclined with respect to the wall of the cylindrical upper part by an angle θ 1 in the vertical plane (xz) and by an angle θ 2 in the horizontal plane (xy), the angles β 1 and θ 1 being comprised between 5° and 175°, the angles β 2 and θ 2 being comprised between 0° and 180°.

2 . Vessel according to claim 1 , wherein the said lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) with decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination may comprise a convex portion ( 112 , 312 ), preferably of elliptical cross section.

3 . Vessel according to claim 2 , wherein the said lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) with decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination is a convex portion of height L 1 with a ratio L 1 /D 1 comprised between 0.01 and 20, preferably comprised between 0.02 and 10, and more preferentially comprised between 0.1 and 5.

4 . Vessel according to claim 2 , wherein the said lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) with decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination further comprises at least one frustoconical portion (s 1 ), preferably surmounting the convex portion (b).

5 . Vessel according to claim 4 , wherein the ratio D 1 /D 3 is comprised between 0.05 and 0.9, D 3 being the smallest diameter of the said frustoconical portion (S 1 ) surmounting the said convex portion (b), and wherein the ratio L 3 /D 3 is comprised between 0.01 and 10, L 3 being the height of the said convex portion (b).

6 . Vessel according to one of claims 2 to 5 , wherein the said convex portion comprises a solid insert forming a frustoconical internal surface of angle of inclination α′, preferably comprised between 5° and 85°, the said insert at least partially incorporating the injections ( 5 ) situated in the said convex portion of the said lower part.

7 . Vessel according to claim 1 , wherein the said lower part ( 212 ) with decreasing cross section and variable angle of inclination comprises a succession of frustoconical portions (s 1 , s 2 , s 3 ), each one of the said frustoconical portions preferably having an angle of inclination α (α 1 , α 2 , α 3 ) that increases in the direction of the outlet pipe ( 9 ).

8 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, the centre of the outlet pipe ( 9 ) is situated at a distance L 4 away from the wall of the cylindrical upper part ( 11 ), L 4 being comprised between D 2 / 2 and D 1 / 2 , and preferably equal to D 1 / 2 .

9 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a recirculation pipe ( 4 ) for part of the liquid leaving the said outlet pipe ( 9 ), the said recirculation pipe ( 4 ) supplying at least one of the said injections ( 5 ) or ( 6 ) with recirculated liquid.

10 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a makeup pipe ( 10 ) for supplying at least one of the said injections ( 5 ) or ( 6 ) with makeup liquid.

11 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the said injections are distributed in horizontal layers ( 7 ) in the lower part ( 112 , 212 , 312 ) and in horizontal layers ( 8 ) in the cylindrical upper part ( 11 ), respectively.

12 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio D 1 /D 2 is comprised between 1.1 and 1000, preferably between 2 and 500 and more preferably between 3 and 100.

13 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the diameter D 1 is comprised between 0.1 m and 30 m, preferably between 0.5 m and 20 m, and highly preferably between 1 m and 10 m.

14 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the angles β 1 and θ 1 are comprised between 10° and 150°, highly preferably between 15° and 120°, more preferably between 15° and 90°, and more preferably still, between 20° and 60°.

15 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the angles β 2 and θ 2 are comprised between 0° and 90°, and are preferably equal to 0°.

16 . Vessel according to one of claims 11 to 15 , wherein the height H between two horizontal layers is comprised between 0.01 m and 10 m, preferably between 0.05 m and 5 m, and highly preferably between 0.1 m and 1 m.

17 . Vessel according to one of claims 11 to 16 , wherein the number of injections N per layer is comprised between 1 and 30, preferably comprised between 2 and 10, and more preferentially comprised between 2 and 6.

18 . Vessel according to claim 17 , wherein the said injections into one and the same layer are spaced by an angle δ equal to 360/N.

19 . Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, of a gas/liquid separation means configured to process hydrocarbon feedstocks.

20 . Method for converting hydrocarbon feedstocks implementing a vessel according to one of claims 1 to 19 .

21 . Method according to claim 20 , employing an ebullated-bed hydroconversion step for feedstocks containing hydrocarbon fractions of which at least 50 wt % have a boiling point above 300° C.

22 . Method according to one of claims 20 and 21 , wherein the velocity V of the liquid injected in the said injections is comprised between 0.05 m·s −1 and 40 m·s −1 , preferably between 0.1 m·s −1 and 30 m·s −1 and highly preferably between 0.5 m·s −1 and 10 m·s −1 .

23 . Method according to one of claims 20 to 22 , wherein the level of recirculated and/or of makeup liquid injected with respect to the hydrocarbon liquid circulating through the vessel is comprised between 1% and 400%, preferably between 5% and 100%, highly preferably between 10% and 60%, and more preferably still, between 20 and 50%.

Assignees

• Ifp Energies Now

Inventors

• Amblard Benjamin
• Marques Joao
• Le Coz Jean-Francois

Classifications

• C10G47/26

  suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries · CPC title

• C10G75/00 Primary

  Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general (C10G7/10, C10G9/16 take precedence) · CPC title

• C10G47/30

  according to the "fluidised-bed" technique · CPC title

• B01J10/002

  carried out in foam, aerosol or bubbles · CPC title

• B01J4/001 Primary

  Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes · CPC title