Methods for carbon dioxide capture

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020246746-A1
Application number	US-201916679569-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 11, 2019
Priority date	Jan 31, 2019
Publication date	Aug 6, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

The subject invention provides systems and methods for capturing carbon dioxide in a cyclic process of mechano-chemical reactions. The subject invention also provides systems and methods for synthesizing siderite, by means of mechano-chemical reactions, using mill rotation. Siderite acts as an efficient reversible sorbent and can be decomposed, generating magnetite, carbon and/or metallic iron as well as pure carbon dioxide. Said systems and methods employing carbon dioxide capture/release reactions in the carbonation-calcination cycles are suitable for using in any iron, steel and non-steel industries to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.

First claim

1 . A system for capturing carbon dioxide, comprising
a carbonation reactor comprising a mixture of reaction materials, a first port for receiving the reaction materials, a second port for receiving a stream of gaseous carbon dioxide, and a grinding mechanism inside the carbonation reactor, the reaction materials reacting with carbon dioxide to form carbonates, wherein the first port is located at the upper end of the carbonation reactor and the second port is located at the lower end of the carbonation reactor; and a calcination reactor comprising a first port for receiving carbonates produced in the carbonation reactor, the carbonates being decomposed in the calcination reactor at room temperature conditions to reproduce the reaction materials, and a second port for releasing and recycling the reproduced reaction materials back to the carbonation reactor.

2 . The system according to claim 1 , the reaction materials comprising magnetite, hematite, wustite, and/or goethite.

3 . The system according to claim 1 , the reaction materials further comprising a reducing agent selected from metallic iron and carbon.

4 . The system according to claim 1 , the grinding mechanism comprising grinding balls.

5 . The system according to claim 1 , the reaction materials and grinding mechanism having a weight ratio of 2:27.

6 . The system according to claim 1 , the reaction materials comprising water ranging from 1 mol to 20 mol.

7 . The system according to claim 1 , the carbonation reactor being rotated at a revolution speed ranging from about 100 rpm to 500 rpm.

8 . The system according to claim 1 , the carbonation reactor having an internal CO 2 pressure of 10, 20 or 30 bar.

9 . The system according to claim 1 , the carbonation reactor having an internal temperature ranging from about 20 to about 600° C.

10 . The system according to claim 1 , the reaction materials comprising i) magnetite and iron, or ii) magnetite and carbon.

11 . The system according to claim 1 , which further comprises a sonication unit comprising one or more ultrasound transducers.

12 . A system for capturing carbon dioxide, comprising
a carbonation reactor comprising 1) a mixture of reaction materials, the reaction materials comprising water and at least one of i) magnetite and iron or ii) magnetite and carbon; 2) a first port for receiving the reaction materials, wherein the first port is located at the upper end of the carbonation reactor; 3) a second port for receiving a stream of gaseous carbon dioxide, wherein the second port is located at the lower end of the carbonation reactor, and 4) a grinding mechanism inside the carbonation reactor, the reaction materials reacting with carbon dioxide to form siderite; and a calcination reactor comprising a first port for receiving siderite produced in the carbonation reactor, the siderite being decomposed in the calcination reactor at room temperature conditions to reproduce Fe 3 O 4 and Fe, or Fe 3 O 4 and C, and a second port for releasing and recycling Fe 3 O 4 and Fe, or Fe 3 O 4 and C back to the carbonation reactor.

13 . The system according to claim 12 , the carbonation reactor having an internal CO 2 pressure of 10, 20 or 30 bar.

14 . The system according to claim 12 , the carbonation reactor having an internal temperature ranging from about 20 to about 600° C.

15 . The system according to claim 12 , the carbonation reactor having being rotated at a revolution speed ranging from about 100 rpm to 500 rpm.

16 . A system for capturing carbon dioxide, comprising
a reactor comprising a mixture of reaction materials; a first port for receiving the reaction materials, the first port being located at the upper end of the carbonation reactor; a second port for receiving a stream of gaseous carbon dioxide, the second port being located at the lower end of the carbonation reactor; a grinding mechanism inside the reactor, the reaction materials reacting with carbon dioxide to form carbonates; a sonication unit on the wall of the reactor, the sonication unit comprising one or more ultrasonic transducers; and a third port for obtaining carbonates.

17 . The system according to claim 16 , the reaction materials comprising i) magnetite and iron, or ii) magnetite and carbon.

18 . A method for capturing carbon dioxide using the system of claim 1 .

19 . A method for capturing carbon dioxide using the system of claim 12 .

20 . A method for capturing carbon dioxide using the system of claim 16 .

Assignees

• Mendoza Eduin Yesid Mora
• Drozd Vadym
• Durygin Andriy
• Saxena Surendra K
• The Florida International Univ Board Of Trustees

Inventors

• Mendoza Eduin Yesid Mora
• Drozd Vadym
• Durygin Andriy
• Saxena Surendra K

Classifications

• Y02A50/20

  Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters · CPC title

• Y02C20/40

  of CO2 · CPC title

• B01D2257/504

  Carbon dioxide · CPC title

• B01D53/1475 Primary

  Removing carbon dioxide · CPC title

• B01D53/1406

  Multiple stage absorption · CPC title