Ammonia membrane reactor comprising a composite membrane

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020197889-A1
Application number	US-201916719991-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 19, 2019
Priority date	Dec 19, 2018
Publication date	Jun 25, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present specification discloses a membrane reactor comprising a reaction region; a permeate region; and a composite membrane disposed at a boundary of the reaction region and the permeate region, wherein the reaction region comprises a bed filled with a catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, wherein the composite membrane comprises a support layer including a metal with a body-centered-cubic (BCC) crystal structure, and a catalyst layer including a palladium (Pd) or a palladium alloy formed onto the support layer, wherein ammonia (NH 3 ) is supplied to the reaction region, the ammonia is converted into hydrogen (H 2 ) by the dehydrogenation reaction in the presence of the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen permeates the composite membrane and is emitted from the membrane reactor through the permeate region.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A membrane reactor comprising a reaction region; a permeate region; and a composite membrane disposed at a boundary of the reaction region and the permeate region,
wherein the reaction region comprises a bed filled with a catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, wherein the composite membrane comprises a support layer including a metal with a body-centered-cubic (BCC) crystal structure, and a catalyst layer including a palladium (Pd) or a palladium alloy formed onto the support layer, wherein ammonia (NH 3 ) is supplied to the reaction region, the ammonia is converted into hydrogen (H 2 ) by the dehydrogenation reaction in the presence of the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen permeates the composite membrane and is emitted from the membrane reactor through the permeate region.

2 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the support layer is in contact with the reaction region, and the surface of the catalyst layer is in contact with the permeate region.

3 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the metal with the body-centered-cubic (BCC) crystal structure includes one or more of vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), and Tantalum (Ta).

4 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the support layer includes an oxide with catalytic activity and the oxide includes one or more of V 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , and Nb 2 O 5 .

5 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 μm.

6 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the composite membrane has hydrogen permeability of 2×10 −8 mol m −1 s −1 Pa −0.5 to 3×10 −7 mol m −1 s −1 Pa −0.5 .

7 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction is a ruthenium-based catalyst or a porous support-based catalyst.

8 . The membrane reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction includes ruthenium carried on a porous support, wherein the porous support comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , CeO 2 , CuO, MgO, Nb 2 O 5 , WO 3 , ZrO 2 , FeO, La 2 O 3 , Activated Carbon, Graphene, and hexagonal Boron nitrides.

9 . The membrane reactor according to claim 8 , wherein the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction is impregnated with ruthenium in the amount of 0.1-10.0 wt. %, with respect to porous support.

10 . The membrane reactor according to claim 8 , wherein the porous support-based catalyst includes ruthenium (Ru)carried on a metal-doped porous support, wherein the metal includes one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs), and the porous support includes one or more selected from the group consisting of X zeolite, Y zeolite, ZSM-5 zeolite, beta zeolite, L zeolite, A zeolite, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , CeO 2 , CuO, MgO, Nb 2 O 5 , WO 3 , ZrO 2 , FeO, La 2 O 3 , activated carbon, graphene, and hexagonal boron nitrides.

11 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the purity of hydrogen emitted from the membrane reactor is 99.999% or more.

12 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the operating temperature of the membrane reactor is 350 to 550° C.

13 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the sweep gas is further supplied to the permeate region of the membrane reactor.

14 . The membrane reactor according to claim 13 , wherein the sweep gas comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of N 2 , steam, argon, He, H 2 , and ethanol.

15 . The membrane reactor according to claim 13 , wherein the sweep gas is supplied at the flow rate of less than 50% of the volumetric flowrate of the hydrogen emitted from the membrane reactor through the permeate region.

16 . The membrane reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane reactor further comprises a reinforcement insert, wherein the reinforcement insert is disposed at an end of the composite membrane to prevent material failure by embrittlement.

17 . A hydrogen fuel cell system comprising:
the membrane reactor according to claim 1 ; and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein hydrogen emitted from the membrane reactor is directly supplied to the fuel cell.

Assignees

• Korea Inst Sci & Tech

Inventors

• Jo Young Suk
• Yoon Chang Won
• Sohn Hyuntae
• Jeong Hyangsoo
• Jang Seong Cheol
• Kim Yeong Cheon
• Han Jonghee
• Nam Suk Woo

Classifications

• Y02P20/133

  Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight · CPC title

• B01D71/024

  Oxides · CPC title

• B01D71/0221

  Group 4 or 5 metals · CPC title

• B01D71/02231

  Palladium · CPC title

• B01D2258/0208

  from fuel cells · CPC title