Water purification compositions and the method of producing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020002193-A1
Application number	US-201816021462-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 28, 2018
Priority date	Jun 28, 2018
Publication date	Jan 2, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to water purification compositions and the method of producing the same. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions containing a substrate that has hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl or amino groups, a metal oxide, and a carboxylic acid compound, and the method of producing the same. The composition is useful for the removal of soluble phosphorus, selenium, fluoride, arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants that may be present in water. The composition could be of use in numerous fields, including but not limited to, oil and gas, mining, storm water, agricultural runoffs, municipal wastewater, and industrial wastewater.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A water purification composition comprising a substrate with a surface containing hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups, a carboxylic acid compound, and a metal, wherein the metal cross-links the hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups on the surface of the substrate, and the carboxylic acid compound.

2 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid compound contains a positively charged group.

3 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition consisting of a substrate with a surface containing hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups, a carboxylic acid compound, and a metal, wherein the metal cross-links the hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups on the surface of the substrate, and the carboxylic acid compound.

4 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the substrate with a surface containing hydroxyl groups, and the metal cross-links the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the substrate to form metal oxide.

5 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal is selected from a group consisting of Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, Sn, Bi, La, Ce, Y, and combination thereof.

6 . The water purification composition of claim 4 , wherein the metal is Zr, Zn, and/or Al.

7 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from a group consisting of wood, cellulose, alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, chitin, lignin, tannin, silk, wool, chitosan, peanut hulls, wood pulp, grass, bamboo, polyvinyl alcohol, soybean waste, okara, cork, phenol-formaldehyde resins, corn cob, old newspaper, coconut husk, graphene oxide, activated carbon, amino resin, open celled foams containing hydroxyl, amino or carboxyl groups on its surface, coffee grounds, protein, and combination thereof.

8 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxylic acid compound is selected from a group consisting of betaine or a betaine derivative, aromatic carboxylic acid, arginine, lysine, histidine, and combination thereof.

9 . The water purification composition of claim 7 , wherein the carboxylic acid compound is a betaine or a betaine derivative.

10 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the substrate containing hydroxyl groups on the surface, the carboxylic acid compound is a betaine or a betaine derivative, the metal is Zr, and the Zr cross-links the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the substrate to form Zr oxide.

11 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal is Fe, and transformed into hydrated iron oxides of Fe 3 O 4 , FeO, and Fe 2 O 3.

12 . The water purification composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a nanocomposite

13 . The water purification composition of claim 12 , wherein the nanocomposite is magnetic.

14 . A method of producing the water purification composition according to claim 1 , comprising providing a substrate having one or more functional groups that has hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl, and/or amino group;
depositing a solution of a metal salt on the substrate; depositing a solution of carboxylic acid compound on the substrate; forming a mixture wherein the metal cross-links the hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups on the surface of the substrate, and the carboxylic acid compound; and heating the mixture till the product is dry.

15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising
treating the mixture with an alkali so that the carboxylic acid compound becomes covalently attached to the metal.

16 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising
heating the mixture so that the metal cross-links the hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl and/or amino groups on the surface of the substrate

17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the substrate is selected from a group consisting of wood, cellulose, alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, chitin, lignin, tannin, silk, wool, chitosan, peanut hulls, wood pulp, grass, bamboo, polyvinyl alcohol, soybean waste, okara, cork, phenol-formaldehyde resins, corn cob, old newspaper, coconut husk, graphene oxide, activated carbon, amino resin, open celled foams containing hydroxyl, amino or carboxyl groups on its surface, coffee grounds, protein, and combination thereof.

18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the carboxylic acid compound is selected from a group consisting of betaine or a betaine derivative, aromatic carboxylic acid, arginine, lysine, histidine, and combination thereof.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the carboxylic acid compound is selected from a group consisting of

wherein n is 1 through 8;
isoleucine betaine hydrochloride salt; and

20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the metal salt contains a cation selected from a group consisting of Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Mo, Sn, Bi, La, Ce, Y, and combination thereof.

21 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the metal in the composition is in a reduced oxidation state compared with the metal in the metal salt.

22 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the metal salt contains an anion selected from a group consisting of Cl − , NO 3 − , CH 3 CO 2 − , SO 4 2− , and combination thereof.

23 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the metal salt is ammonium zirconium carbonate, ammonium zinc carbonate, Zr 2 OCl 2 •8H 2 O, ZrO(NO 3 ) 2 , or freshly prepared aqueous soluble Zr(OH) 2 .

24 . A method of producing the water purification composition according to claim 1 , comprising
providing a starting substrate having one or more functional groups capable of reacting with ammonium zirconium carbonate, ammonium zinc carbonate, or an activated zirconium species generated by thermal decomposition; depositing a carboxylic acid compound solution on the surface of the substrate; treating the carboxylic acid compound deposited on the surface of the substrate with a solution of ammonium zirconium carbonate, ammonium zinc carbonate, or an activated zirconium species to form a mixture; and heating the mixture till the product is ammonia and carbon dioxide free.

25 . The method of claim 24 , further comprising
treating the mixture with an alkali so that the carboxylic acid compound becomes covalently attached to the zirconium.

26 . The method of claim 24 , further comprising
treating the mixture with an alkali so that the carboxylic acid compound becomes covalently attached to the zirconium.

27 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the mixture is heated to a temperature up to 80° C.

28 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the mixture is heated between 70 and 80° C. for a period of time effective to form a composite that is free of ammonia and carbon dioxide.

29 . A method of purifying water contaminated with phosphate, fluoride, selenate, selenite, arsenate, arsenite and other heavy metal ions, which comprises of contacting the contaminated water with the water purification composition according to claim 1 .

Assignees

• Univ Arkansas

Inventors

• Viswanathan Tito

Classifications

• B01J20/3236 Primary

  containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts · CPC title

• B01J20/28009

  Magnetic properties · CPC title

• B01J20/3265

  with an organic functional group containing a metal, e.g. a metal affinity ligand · CPC title

• B01J20/3212

  consisting of a polymer obtained by reactions otherwise than involving only carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds · CPC title

• B01J20/3221

  the chemical bond being an ionic interaction · CPC title