Electrochemical cells including selectively permeable membranes, systems and methods of manufacturing the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019348705-A1
Application number	US-201916242849-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jan 8, 2019
Priority date	Jan 8, 2018
Publication date	Nov 14, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

Embodiments described herein relate generally to electrochemical cells including a selectively permeable membrane and systems and methods for manufacturing the same. In some embodiments, the selectively permeable membrane can include a solid-state electrolyte material. In some embodiments, electrochemical cells can include a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, an anode disposed on an anode current collector, and the selectively permeable membrane disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the cathode and/or anode can include a slurry of an active material and a conductive material in a liquid electrolyte. In some embodiments, a catholyte can be different from an anolyte. In some embodiments, the catholyte can be optimized to improve the redox electrochemistry of the cathode and the anolyte can be optimized to improve the redox electrochemistry of the anode. In some embodiments, the selectively permeable membrane can be configured to isolate the catholyte from the anolyte.

First claim

1 . An electrochemical cell, comprising:
an anode including anode current collector, anode material, and an anolyte; a cathode including cathode current collector, cathode material, and an catholyte; and a selectively permeable membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode, the selectively permeable membrane configured to chemically and/or fluidically isolate the anode from the cathode.

2 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane includes solid-state electrolyte material selected from at least one of a garnet structure, a perovskite structure, a phosphate-based Lithium Super Ionic Conductor (LISICON) structure, La 0.51 Li 0.34 TiO 2.94 , Li 13 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ), Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li 6.6 6La 3 Zr 1.6 Ta 0.4 O 12.9 (LIZO) 50Li 4 SiO 4 .50L 13 BO 3 , Li 2.9 PO 3.3 N 0.46 (lithium phosphorousoxynitride, LiPON), Li 3.6 Si 0.6 P 0.4 O 4 , Li 3 BN 2 , Li 3 BO 3 —Li 2 SO 4 , Li 3 BO 3 —Li 2 SO 4 —Li 2 CO 3 (LIBSCO, pseudoternary system), and/or sulfide contained solid electrolyte materials including a thio-LISICON structure, a glassy structure and a glass-ceramic structure such as Li 1.07 Al 0.69 Ti 1.46 (PO 4 ) 3 , Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 , Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 (LGPS), 30Li 2 S.26B 2 S 3 .44LiI, 63Li 2 S.36SiS 2 .1Li 3 PO 4 , 57Li 2 S.38SiS 2 .5Li 4 SiO 4 , 70Li 2 S.30P 2 S 5 , 50Li 2 S.50GeS 2 , Li 3 P 3 S 11 , Li 3.25 P 0.95 S 4 , and Li 9.54 Si 1.74 P 1.44 S 11.7 Cl 0.3 , and/or closo-type complex hydride solid electrolyte such as LiBH 4 -LiI, LiBH 4 —LiNH 2 , LiBH 4 —P 2 —P 2 S 5 , Li(CB x H x-1 )—LiI like Li(CB 9 H 10 )-LiI, and/or lithium electrolyte salt bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide (TFSI), bis(pentalluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium borate oxalato phosphine oxide (LiBOP), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, amide-borohydride, LiBF 4 , LiPF 6 or combinations thereof.

3 . (canceled)

4 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical cell is formed without a convention separator configured to provide electrical isolation between the anode and the cathode.

5 - 25 . (canceled)

26 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane includes a diffusion preventing material applied to one or both sides of the selectively permeable membrane.

27 . The electrochemical cell of claim 26 , wherein the diffusion preventing material the diffusion preventing material has a thickness of about 1 μm and about 25 μm.

28 - 38 . (canceled)

39 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane extends substantially beyond the anode and the cathode and is sealed between a first portion of a pouch material and a second portion of the pouch material.

40 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the anolyte has a different composition than the catholyte.

41 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the anolyte includes at least one of 1,2-dimethoxyethane, N-methylpyrrolidone, LiBOP, LiDFOB, and/or VC.

42 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the anolyte includes at least one of a LiFSI salt, a LiTFSI salt, a glyme, DOL, TEGDME, and FEC.

43 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the catholyte includes at least one of water, fluorine, PS, PES, a LiPF 6 salt, a LiBF 4 salt, FEC, F-EMC, F-AEC, PC, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide, LiTFSI, LiOTf, LiFSI, or TFEP.

44 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode material is a solid-state anode.

45 . The electrochemical cell of claim 44 , wherein the anode material is a lithium metal layer disposed between the anode current collector.

46 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material is a solid-state cathode.

47 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the anode or the cathode is a semi-solid electrode comprising a slurry of an active material and a conductive material in a liquid electrolyte, the liquid electrolyte being at least one of the anolyte or catholyte.

48 . The electrochemical cell of claim 47 , wherein the semi-solid electrode further comprises STOBA.

49 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a lithium metal layer disposed between the anode current collector and the anode material.

50 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a Li 2 CoO 3 layer disposed between the selectively permeable membrane and the cathode material.

51 . The electrochemical cell of claim 50 , further comprising:
a metal oxide disposed between the selectively permeable membrane and the anode material.

52 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first film layer disposed between the cathode material and the selectively permeable membrane.

53 . The electrochemical cell of claim 52 , wherein the first film layer wets the cathode material and the selectively permeable membrane.

54 . The electrochemical cell of claim 52 , further comprising:
a second film layer disposed between the anode material and the selectively permeable membrane.

55 . The electrochemical cell of claim 54 , wherein the second film layer wets the cathode material and the selectively permeable membrane.

56 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second film layer disposed between the anode material and the selectively permeable membrane.

57 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a self-terminated oligomers with hyperbranched architecture (STOBA) layer disposed between selectively permeable membrane and at least one of the anode material or the cathode material.

58 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane has a thickness that is between about 1 μm and about 250 μm.

59 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane has a thickness that is less than about 185 μm.

60 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the selectively permeable membrane has a thickness that is less than about 50 μm.

61 - 201 . (canceled)

Assignees

• 24M Technologies Inc

Inventors

• Chen Junzheng
• Ota Naoki
• Disko Jeffry
• Kusachi Yuki

Classifications

• H01M10/056 Primary

  characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M2300/0071

  Oxides · CPC title

• H01M2300/0088

  Composites · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M4/139

  Processes of manufacture · CPC title