Glass bottles based silicon electrode materials

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019326593-A1
Application number	US-201916388660-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 18, 2019
Priority date	Apr 19, 2018
Publication date	Oct 24, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

Various embodiments provide glass bottle-based silicon electrode materials. A battery electrode includes silicon made from magnesiothermic reduction of silicon oxide derived from glass bottles and a conformal carbon coating thereon. A method of making the electrode material includes crushing glass bottles to produce crushed glass containing silicon oxide particles, mixing the silicon oxide particles with a heat scavenger to produce a mixture, magnesiothermically reducing the mixture to produce silicon, and applying a carbon coat to the silicon to produce an electrode material.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A battery electrode comprising:
silicon made from magnesiothermic reduction of silicon oxide derived from glass bottles; and a conformal carbon coating thereon.

2 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the silicon comprises an interconnected three-dimensional silicon network.

3 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the silicon comprises a d-spacing of about 0.300 nm to about 0.320 nm.

4 . The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the silicon has a particle size from micro level to about 50 nm.

5 . A method of making an electrode material comprising:
crushing glass bottles to produce crushed glass containing silicon oxide particles; mixing the silicon oxide particles with a heat scavenger to produce a mixture; magnesiothermically reducing the mixture to produce silicon; and applying a carbon coat to the silicon to produce an electrode material.

6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the silicon oxide particles are lightweight silicon oxide particles.

7 . The method of claim 6 , further comprising separating out light weight silicon oxide particles from the crushed glass.

8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein separating out light weight silicon oxide particles comprises:
suspending the crushed glass in a solvent; allowing larger silicon oxide particles to settle; and collecting the light weight silicon oxide particles.

9 . The method of claim 5 , wherein crushing the glass bottles comprises hammering the glass bottles to produce crushed glass.

10 . The method of claim 9 , further comprises milling the crushed glass to produce lightweight silicon oxide particles.

11 . The method of claim 5 , further comprising milling the silicon oxide particles prior to mixing the silicon dioxide particles with the heat scavenger.

12 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the heat scavenger is sodium chloride.

13 . The method of claim 5 , wherein mixing the silicon oxide particles with a heat scavenger comprises milling the silicon oxide particles with the heat scavenger to produce the mixture.

14 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising resuspending and vacuum drying the mixture.

15 . The method of claim 5 , wherein magnesiothermically reducing the mixture comprises adding magnesium to the mixture and heating.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein heating is done at a range from about 650° C. to about 750° C. for about 6 hours.

17 . The method of claim 5 , further comprising removing excess heat scavenger and magnesium compounds.

18 . The method of claim 5 , further comprising removing unreacted silicon dioxide.

19 . The method of claim 5 , wherein applying a carbon coat comprises chemical vapor deposition.

20 . A battery electrode material made by the method of claim 5 .

Assignees

• Univ California

Inventors

• Ozkan Cengiz S
• Ozkan Mihrimah
• Liu Chueh
• Li Changling
• Wang Wei

Classifications

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M4/386 Primary

  Silicon or alloys based on silicon · CPC title

• H01M4/1395

  of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys · CPC title

• H01M4/366

  as layered products · CPC title

• C01B33/023

  by reduction of silica or {free} silica-containing material · CPC title