Gas Turbine Combustor, Gas Turbine, and Control Method for Gas Turbine Combustor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019242581-A1
Application number	US-201916263039-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jan 31, 2019
Priority date	Feb 6, 2018
Publication date	Aug 8, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

A flame produced within a premixer is promptly extinguished and a reduction in output power of a gas turbine associated with extinguishment is suppressed. In a gas turbine combustor including a diffusion burner and a premixed burner, the premixed burner is configured with a burner liner that surrounds the diffusion burner; a burner casing that surrounds the burner liner; a plurality of vanes that separate a cylindrical space between the burner liner and the burner casing into a plurality of premixers arranged side by side in a circumferential direction; a plurality of premixed fuel nozzles that inject a premixed fuel to the premixers; at least one thermometer installed to be buried in one of the vanes, and the like, and in a case in which a detection value of the thermometer exceeds a corresponding set value, an opening of each of premixed gas control valves is reduced and an opening of a diffusion gas control valve is increased in such a manner that a sum of flow rates of fuels supplied to the diffusion burner and the premixed burner remains unchanged.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A gas turbine combustor comprising:
a diffusion burner by a diffusion combustion scheme; a diffusion gas control valve provided in a diffusion fuel system for the diffusion burner; a premixed burner by a premixed combustion scheme; at least one premixed gas control valve provided in a premixed fuel system for the premixed burner; a combustion liner that forms a combustion chamber downstream, in a fuel injection direction, of the diffusion burner and the premixed burner; and a control device that controls the diffusion gas control valve and the premixed gas control valve, wherein the premixed burner includes:
a burner liner that surrounds the diffusion burner;
a burner casing that surrounds the burner liner;
a plurality of vanes that separate a cylindrical space between the burner liner and the burner casing into a plurality of premixers arranged side by side in a circumferential direction;
a plurality of premixed fuel nozzles that are connected to the premixed fuel system and that inject a premixed fuel to the corresponding premixers; and
at least one thermometer installed to be buried in one of the vanes, and
the control device is configured, in a case in which a detection value of the thermometer or an increase rate of the detection value exceeds a corresponding set value, to execute premixed fuel ratio control to reduce an opening of the premixed gas control valve and to increase an opening of the diffusion gas control valve in such a manner that a sum of flow rates of fuels supplied to the diffusion burner and the premixed burner remains unchanged.

2 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
the thermometer is provided in one of the vanes in such a manner that a measuring section of the thermometer is located in an intermediate portion between an end portion, near the combustion chamber, of the one vane and fuel jet holes of the premixed fuel nozzles in the fuel injection direction of the premixed fuel nozzles.

3 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
a flame stabilizer is provided in the premixed burner near the combustion chamber, and the vanes are planar members in parallel to a central axis of the combustion chamber.

4 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is configured, in a case in which set time elapses since the detection value of the thermometer falls below the set value after execution of the premixed fuel ratio control, to execute return control to return the opening of each of the premixed gas control valve and the diffusion gas control valve to a value before execution of the premixed fuel ratio control.

5 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
the control device is configured to increase controlled variables of the diffusion gas control valve and the premixed gas control valve under the premixed fuel ratio control to be associated with an increase in a load of the gas turbine.

6 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
a plurality of values having different magnitudes are set as the set value, and controlled variables of the diffusion gas control valve and the premixed gas control valve are set to correspond to each of the plurality of values, and the control device is configured to execute the premixed fuel ratio control stepwise.

7 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
a calorimeter that measures a calorific value of the premixed fuel is provided, and the control device is configured to increase controlled variables of the diffusion gas control valve and the premixed gas control valve under the premixed fuel ratio control to be associated with an increase in the calorific value of the premixed fuel measured by the calorimeter.

8 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
a concentration meter that measures a hydrogen concentration of the premixed fuel is provided, and the control device is configured to increase controlled variables of the diffusion gas control valve and the premixed gas control valve under the premixed fuel ratio control to be associated with an increase in the hydrogen concentration of the premixed fuel measured by the concentration meter.

9 . The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , wherein
the premixed burner is partitioned into a plurality of partial burners each including at least a set of the premixer and the premixed fuel nozzles and arranged side by side in a circumferential direction to surround the diffusion burner, a plurality of the thermometers are provided, and are each provided in at least one of the vanes for each of the plurality of partial burners, and the control device is configured, in a case in which a detection value of at least one of the thermometers exceeds the set value, to reduce the opening of the premixed gas control valve corresponding to at least one of the partial burners to which the thermometer outputting the detection value which exceeds the set value belongs, to maintain the opening of the premixed gas control valve corresponding to each of other partial burners, and to increase the opening of the diffusion gas control valve in such a manner that the sum of the flow rates of the fuels supplied to the diffusion burner and the premixed burner remains unchanged.

10 . A gas turbine comprising:
a compressor; the gas turbine combustor according to claim 1 , the gas turbine combustor burning a fuel together with air compressed by the compressor; and a turbine driven by combustion gas produced by the gas turbine combustor.

11 . A control method for a gas turbine combustor, the gas turbine combustor including a diffusion burner by a diffusion combustion scheme; a diffusion gas control valve provided in a diffusion fuel system for the diffusion burner;
a premixed burner by a premixed combustion scheme; at least one premixed gas control valve provided in a premixed fuel system for the premixed burner; and a combustion chamber provided downstream, in a fuel injection direction, of the diffusion burner and the premixed burner, wherein the premixed burner is configured to include: a burner liner that surrounds the diffusion burner; a burner casing that surrounds the burner liner; a plurality of vanes that separate a cylindrical space between the burner liner and the burner casing into a plurality of premixers arranged side by side in a circumferential direction; a plurality of premixed fuel nozzles that are connected to the premixed fuel system and that inject a premixed fuel to the corresponding premixers; and at least one thermometer installed to be buried in one of the vanes, and in a case in which a detection value of the thermometer or an increase rate of the detection value exceeds a corresponding set value, an opening of the premixed gas control valve is reduced and an opening of the diffusion gas control valve is increased in such a manner that a sum of flow rates of fuels supplied to the diffusion burner and the premixed burner remains unchanged.

Assignees

• Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Sys

Inventors

• Abe Kazuki
• Hayashi Akinori
• Wada Yasuhiro
• Tatsumi Tetsuma
• Yoshida Shohei

Classifications

• F23R3/286 Primary

  having fuel-air premixing devices (F23R3/30 takes precedence) · CPC title

• F02C9/28 Primary

  Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed (F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence) · CPC title

• F02C9/46

  Emergency fuel control · CPC title

• F23R3/343

  Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion (ignition in gas-turbine plants F02C7/264; pilot flame igniters F23Q9/00) · CPC title

• F23R3/20

  incorporating fuel injection means · CPC title