Positive electrode active material containing lithium composite oxide and covering material and battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019221838-A1
Application number	US-201816214208-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 10, 2018
Priority date	Jan 17, 2018
Publication date	Jul 18, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

A positive electrode active material includes a lithium composite oxide and a covering material that covers a surface of the lithium composite oxide. The covering material has an electron conductivity of 106 S/m or less. The lithium composite oxide is a multiphase mixture including a first phase having a first crystal structure that belongs to a space group Fm-3m and a second phase having a second crystal structure that belongs to a space group other than a space group Fm-3m. The ratio I(18°-20°)/I(43°-46°) of a first integrated intensity I(18°-20°) of a first maximum peak present at a first diffraction angle 2θ of 18° or more and 20° or less to a second integrated intensity I(43°-46°) of a second maximum peak present at a second diffraction angle 2θ of 43° or more and 46° or less in an XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide satisfies 0.05≤I(18°-20°)/I(43°-46°)≤0.90.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A positive electrode active material comprising:
a lithium composite oxide; and a covering material that covers a surface of the lithium composite oxide, wherein the covering material has an electron conductivity of 10 6 S/m or less, the lithium composite oxide is a multiphase mixture including a first phase having a first crystal structure that belongs to a space group Fm-3m and a second phase having a second crystal structure that belongs to a space group other than a space group Fm-3m, and a ratio I (18°-20°) /I (43°-46°) of a first integrated intensity I (18°-20°) of a first maximum peak present at a first diffraction angle 2θ of 18° or more and 20° or less to a second integrated intensity I (43°-46°) of a second maximum peak present at a second diffraction angle 2θ of 43° or more and 46° or less in an XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide satisfies 0.05≤I (18°-20°) /I (43°-46°) ≤0.90.

2 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the covering material is an inorganic material.

3 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein a mass ratio of the covering material to the lithium composite oxide is 0.2 or less.

4 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 3 ,
wherein the mass ratio of the covering material to the lithium composite oxide is 0.01 or more and 0.1 or less.

5 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the covering material has a thickness of 0.1 nm or more and 2.0 nm or less.

6 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the covering material forms a solid solution with at least a part of the surface of the lithium composite oxide.

7 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the covering material is an oxide.

8 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 7 ,
wherein the oxide is represented by a formula Li a A b O c , where A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Nb, Mo, Ti, Al, Cr, Zr, Zn, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pt, Au, B, P, Eu, Sm, Ce, and H; and 0≤a≤3, 0.5≤b≤4, and 1≤c≤4.

9 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 8 ,
wherein the oxide is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , ZnO, TiO 2 , and SiO 2 .

10 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the second crystal structure of the second phase belongs to at least one selected from the group consisting of space groups Fd-3m, R-3m, and C2/m.

11 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 10 ,
wherein the second crystal structure of the second phase belongs to a space group Fd-3m.

12 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein 0.10≤I (18°-20°) /I (43°-46°) ≤0.70.

13 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the lithium composite oxide contains manganese.

14 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the lithium composite oxide contains fluorine.

15 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein an average composition of the lithium composite oxide is represented by a formula Li x Me y O α Q β , where Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, V, Nb, Mo, Ti, Cr, Zr, Zn, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pt, Au, Ag, Ru, W, B, Si, P, and Al; Q is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, N, and S; and 1.05≤x≤1.4, 0.6≤y≤0.95, 1.2≤α≤2, and 0≤β≤0.8.

16 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 15 ,
wherein 1.1≤x≤1.25 and 0.75≤y≤0.8.

17 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 15 ,
wherein 1.33≤α≤2.9 and 0.1≤β≤0.67.

18 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 15 ,
wherein 2≤α/β≤5.

19 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 , further comprising the lithium composite oxide as a main component.

20 . The positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the second crystal structure of the second phase belongs to a space group Fd-3m, R-3m, or C2/m, and the lithium composite oxide is a two-phase mixture including the first phase and the second phase.

21 . A battery comprising:
a positive electrode containing the positive electrode active material according to claim 1 ; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte.

22 . The battery according to claim 21 ,
wherein the negative electrode contains:
a negative electrode active material that allows a lithium ion to be inserted therein and released therefrom; or
a material that allows lithium metal to be dissolved and deposited thereon, and
the electrolyte is a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

23 . The battery according to claim 21 ,
wherein the negative electrode contains:
a negative electrode active material that allows a lithium ion to be inserted therein and released therefrom; or
a material that allows lithium metal to be dissolved and deposited thereon, and
the electrolyte is a solid electrolyte.

Assignees

• Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd

Inventors

• Ishikawa Takayuki
• Natsui Ryuichi
• Ikeuchi Issei
• Nakura Kensuke

Classifications

• H01M4/62

  Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/485

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title