Standalone sulfide based lithium ion-conducting glass solid electrolyte and associated structures, cells and methods

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019148768-A1
Application number	US-201816161720-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 16, 2018
Priority date	Dec 2, 2014
Publication date	May 16, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

A standalone lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte including a freestanding inorganic vitreous sheet of sulfide-based lithium ion conducting glass is capable of high performance in a lithium metal battery by providing a high degree of lithium ion conductivity while being highly resistant to the initiation and/or propagation of lithium dendrites. Such an electrolyte is also itself manufacturable, and readily adaptable for battery cell and cell component manufacture, in a cost-effective, scalable manner.

First claim

1 . A battery cell comprising:
a positive electrode; a negative electrode comprising a lithium electroactive layer; and a lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte in lithium ion communication with the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte, comprising: a freestanding inorganic vitreous sheet of sulfide-based lithium ion conducting glass having,
a liquid-like surface;
an area of at least 10 cm 2 ;
a thickness of no more than 100 μm; and
a room temperature intrinsic lithium ion conductivity of at least 10 −5 S/cm.

2 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the glass sheet has a substantially uniform thickness of no more than 100 μm.

3 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the glass sheet further comprises substantially parallel lengthwise edges.

4 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the glass sheet is a continuous web at least 100 cm in length.

5 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the glass sheet is a continuous web at least 1000 cm in length.

6 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the vitreous sulfide-based glass sheet is characterized as having a threshold current for Li dendrite initiation that is greater than 1 mA/cm 2 .

7 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the liquid-like surface lacks surface flaws having a depth dimension greater than 1% of the sheet thickness.

8 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the sheet lacks of powder particles, inter-particle boundaries, or contiguous voids extending between first and second principal surfaces that are sufficient to propagate a Li dendrite, and the liquid-like surface lacks flaw manifestations of a pressed powder compact that are sufficient to initiate Li dendrite penetration.

9 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the sulfide glass has a glass stability factor {T x −T g }<100° C.

10 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the sulfide glass has a glass stability factor {T x −T g }<50° C.

11 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the sulfide glass has a glass stability factor {T x −T g }<30° C.

12 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the sulfide-based glass is of a type Li 2 S—YS n ; Li 2 S—YS n —YO n and combinations thereof, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of Ge, Si, As, B, or P, and n=2, 3/2 or 5/2.

13 . The battery cell of claim 12 , wherein the glass is chemically and electrochemically compatible in contact with lithium metal.

14 . The battery cell of claim 12 , wherein the glass is devoid of phosphorous.

15 . The battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the glass comprises Li 2 S and/or Li 2 O as a glass modifier and one or more of a glass former selected from the group consisting of P 2 S 5 , P 2 O 5 , SiS 2 , SiO 2 , B 2 S 3 and B 2 O 3 .

16 - 35 . (canceled)

36 . An electrode assembly, comprising:
a lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte, comprising: a freestanding inorganic vitreous sheet of sulfide-based lithium ion conducting glass having,
a liquid-like surface;
an area of at least 10 cm 2 ;
a thickness of no more than 100 μm; and
a room temperature intrinsic lithium ion conductivity of at least 10 −5 S/cm; and
a lithium metal layer in direct contact with the liquid-like surface of the sheet.

37 . (canceled)

38 . The electrode assembly of claim 36 , wherein the glass sheet further comprises substantially parallel lengthwise edges.

39 . The electrode assembly of claim 36 , wherein the glass sheet is a continuous web at least 1000 cm in length.

40 . The electrode assembly of claim 36 , wherein the liquid-like surface lacks surface flaws having a depth dimension greater than 1% of the sheet thickness.

41 . The electrode assembly of claim 36 , wherein the sulfide glass has a glass stability factor {T x −T g }<30° C.

Assignees

• Polyplus Battery Co Inc

Inventors

• Visco Steven J
• Nimon Yevgeniy S
• De Jonghe Lutgard C
• Katz Bruce D
• Nimon Vitaliy

Classifications

• H01M2300/0068

  inorganic · CPC title

• C03B33/0235

  Ribbons · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/0562 Primary

  Solid materials · CPC title

• C03B17/067

  combined with thermal conditioning of the sheets · CPC title