Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery Inorganic Particles and Nonaqueous Electrolyte Battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019067748-A1
Application number	US-201716079575-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 24, 2017
Priority date	Feb 25, 2016
Publication date	Feb 28, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

The nonaqueous electrolyte battery inorganic particles according to the present invention include a metal element having a smaller electronegativity than manganese in a crystal structure, and comprise a laminar compound which has an interlayer distance of 0.40-2.0 nm or less and which has exchangeable cations other than hydrogen ions between the layers.

First claim

1 . An inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising:
a layered compound comprising a metal element having an electronegativity smaller than manganese in a crystal structure of the compound, having an interlayer distance of from 0.40 nm to 2.0 nm and including an exchangeable cation other than a hydrogen ion between layers of the compound.

2 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 , wherein the exchangeable cation is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, an ammonium ion, an organic cation, and any mixture thereof.

3 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 , wherein an adsorption rate of Mn 2+ ions is 5% or more, when 0.035 parts by weight of the inorganic particle is immersed in 100 parts by weight of a mixed liquid of 5 ppm of Mn 2+ ion, 1 mol/L of LiPF 6 , and a cyclic and/or linear carbonate in an atmosphere at 23° C. for 6 hours.

4 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 , wherein an HF concentration is less than 10 ppm, when 8 parts by weight of the inorganic particle is immersed in 100 parts by weight of a mixed liquid of 800 ppm of HF, 1 mol/L of LiPF 6 , and a cyclic and/or linear carbonate in an atmosphere at 23° C. for 5 min.

5 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 , wherein the BET specific surface area of the inorganic particle is 3 m 2 /g or more.

6 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 , wherein the metal element constituting the inorganic particle and having an electronegativity smaller than manganese is an element of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

7 . The inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 6 , wherein the inorganic particle is calcium silicate hydrate.

8 . A battery constituent material comprising the inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 .

9 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery provided with an adsorptive layer comprising the inorganic particle for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1 .

10 . The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 9 comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator as battery constituent materials, wherein the adsorptive layer is formed at least inside the separator, on facing surfaces of the positive electrode and the separator, or on facing surfaces of the negative electrode and the separator, and the formed adsorptive layer is formed entirely or partially inside the separator, or entirely or partially on any of the respective facing surfaces.

11 . A mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising a first inorganic particle and a second inorganic particle,
wherein the first inorganic particle comprises a layered compound comprising a metal element having an electronegativity smaller than manganese in a crystal structure of the compound, having an interlayer distance of from 0.40 nm to 2.0 nm and including an exchangeable cation between layers of the compound, and wherein the second inorganic particle has an average particle diameter larger than the average particle diameter of the first inorganic particle.

12 . The mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 , wherein the average particle diameter of the first inorganic particle is from 0.01 μm to 2 μm, and the average particle diameter of the second inorganic particle is from 0.1 μm to 3 μm.

13 . The mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 , wherein the shape of the second inorganic particle is plate-like.

14 . The mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 , wherein with respect to the first inorganic particle, an adsorption rate of Mn 2+ ions is 5% or more, when 0.035 parts by weight of the inorganic particle is immersed in 100 parts by weight of a mixed liquid of 5 ppm of Mn 2+ ion, 1 mol/L of LiPF 6 , and a cyclic and/or linear carbonate in an atmosphere at 23° C. for 6 hours.

15 . The mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 , wherein with respect to the first inorganic particle, an HF concentration is less than 10 ppm, when 8 parts by weight of the inorganic particle is immersed in 100 parts by weight of a mixed liquid of 800 ppm of HF, 1 mol/L of LiPF 6 , and a cyclic and/or linear carbonate in an atmosphere at 23° C. for 5 minutes.

16 . A battery constituent material comprising the mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 .

17 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery provided with an adsorptive layer comprising the mixture of inorganic particles for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 11 .

18 . The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 17 comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator as battery constituent materials, wherein the adsorptive layer is formed at least inside the separator, on facing surfaces of the positive electrode and the separator, or on facing surfaces of the negative electrode and the separator, and the formed adsorptive layer is formed entirely or partially inside the separator, or entirely or partially on any of the respective facing surfaces.

19 . A nonaqueous electrolyte battery comprising a layered compound, wherein a retention rate of the discharge capacity is 90% or more after repetition of 40 cycles of charge and discharge at a voltage of from 3.0 V to 4.35 V and a temperature of 50° C. or higher.

20 . The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 19 , wherein the retention rate of the discharge capacity is 75% or more after repetition of 60 cycles of the charge and discharge.

21 . The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 19 , wherein the retention rate of the discharge capacity is 60% or more after repetition of 100 cycles of the charge and discharge.

22 . The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 19 , wherein the layered compound comprises a metal element having an electronegativity smaller than manganese in a crystal structure of the compound, and has an interlayer distance of from 0.40 nm to 2.0 nm, and further includes an exchangeable cation between layers of the compound.

Assignees

• Asahi Chemical Ind

Inventors

• Saeki Hiroyuki
• Ito Nobuhiro
• Ishii Yoshiyuki
• Matsui Kunio

Classifications

• H01M50/451 Primary

  comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material · CPC title

• H01M50/434

  Ceramics · CPC title

• H01M50/491

  Porosity · CPC title

• H01M50/489

  Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties · CPC title

• H01M2/1646

  Electricity · mapped topic