Shelling of halide perovskite nanoparticles for the prevention of anion exchange

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2018090312-A1
Application number	US-201715714519-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Sep 25, 2017
Priority date	Sep 29, 2016
Publication date	Mar 29, 2018
Grant date	—

Abstract

A core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle structure comprises a core comprising a halide perovskite semiconductor and a shell comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite (and that is substantially free of halide perovskites). The halide perovskite semiconductor core may be of the form AMX 3 , wherein: A is an organic ammonium such as CH 3 NH 3 + , (C 8 H 17 ) 2 (CH 3 NH 3 ) + , PhC 2 H 4 NH 3 + , C 6 H 11 CH 2 NH 3 + or 1-adamantyl methyl ammonium, an amidinium such as CH(NH 2 ) 2 + , or an alkali metal cation such as Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + or Cs + ; M is a divalent metal cation such as Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ge 2+ , Eu 2+ , Cu 2+ or Cd 2+ ; and X is a halide anion (F − , Cl − , Br − , I − ) or a combination of halide anions.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle comprising:
a core comprising a halide perovskite semiconductor; and a shell substantially surrounding the core and comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite, wherein the shell is substantially free of halide perovskites.

2 . The core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises BaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 , BiFeO 3 , LaNiO 3 , CaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 or LaYbO 3 .

3 . The core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises a group IIB-VIB semiconductor material or a group IV-VI semiconductor material.

4 . The core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises ZnS or PbS.

5 . The core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the core comprises a halide perovskite semiconductor of the form AMX 3 , wherein A is an organic ammonium, an anidinium or alkali metal cation, M is a divalent metal cation, and X is a halide anion.

6 . The core/shell semiconductor nanoparticle of claim 5 , wherein A is CH 3 NH 3 + , (C 8 H 17 ) 2 (CH 3 NH 3 ) + , PhC 2 H 4 NH 3 + , C 6 H 11 CH 2 NH 3 + , 1-adamantyl methyl ammonium, CH(NH 2 ) 2 + , Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + or Cs + .

7 . The core/shell nanoparticle of claim 5 , wherein M is Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ge 2+ , Eu 2+ , Cu 2+ or Cd 2+ .

8 . The core/shell nanoparticle of claim 5 , wherein X is F − , Cl − , Br − or I − , or a combination thereof.

9 . A composition comprising:
a first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles; a second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles different from the first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles, and a matrix,
wherein the first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprises core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprising a first core comprising a first halide perovskite semiconductor, and
a first shell substantially surrounding the core and comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite,
wherein the first shell is substantially free of halide perovskites, and
the second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprises core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprising a second core comprising a second halide perovskite semiconductor different from the first halide perovskite semiconductor, and
a second shell substantially surrounding the core and comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite,
wherein the second shell is substantially free of halide perovskites.

10 . The composition of claim 9 , wherein the matrix comprises a resin.

11 . The composition of claim 9 , wherein the first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles emits light of a first wavelength and the second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles emits light at a second wavelength when excited by a light source emitting at a third wavelength.

12 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the first wavelength is within the green region of the electromagnetic spectrum and the second wavelength is within the red region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

13 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the light source is a light-emitting diode.

14 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the third wavelength is within the ultraviolet or blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

15 . A solution comprising:
a first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles; a second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles; and a solvent,
wherein the first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprises core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprising a first core comprising a first halide perovskite semiconductor, and
a first shell substantially surrounding the core and comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite,
wherein the first shell is substantially free of halide perovskites, and
wherein the second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprises
core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles comprising
a second core comprising a second halide perovskite semiconductor that is different from the first halide perovskite semiconductor, and
a second shell substantially surrounding the core and comprising a semiconductor material that is not a halide perovskite,
wherein the second shell is substantially free of halide perovskites.

16 . The solution of claim 15 , wherein the first population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles emits light of a first wavelength and the second population of core/shell semiconductor nanoparticles emits light at a second wavelength when excited by a light source emitting at a third wavelength.

17 . The solution of claim 15 , wherein the first wavelength is within the green region of the electromagnetic spectrum and the second wavelength is within the red region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

18 . The solution of claim 15 , wherein the light source is a light-emitting diode.

19 . The solution of claim 15 , wherein the third wavelength is within the ultraviolet or blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

20 . A light-emitting device comprising the core/shell nanoparticle of claim 1 .

Assignees

• Nanoco Technologies Ltd

Inventors

• Pickett Nigel L
• Gresty Nathalie C
• Masala Ombretta
• Li Jie

Classifications

• H10P14/69398

  the material having a perovskite structure, e.g. BaTiO3 · CPC title

• C07F3/00

  Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table · CPC title

• C07F15/06

  Cobalt compounds · CPC title

• C09K11/02 Primary

  Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor · CPC title

• C07C211/63

  having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms · CPC title