Blended or multi-coated electrodes for lithium ion battery and capacitor hybrid system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2018034037-A1
Application number	US-201715704122-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Sep 14, 2017
Priority date	Jul 28, 2016
Publication date	Feb 1, 2018
Grant date	—

Abstract

Lithium-utilizing electrochemical cells, providing battery and hybrid-capacitor activity, are formed of one or more lithium battery anodes, one or more lithium battery cathodes, and one or more positive-charge or negative-charge hybrid capacitor electrodes which are formed of a combination of capacitor particles with one of anode or cathode particles. The anode and cathodes are formed of porous layers of particles of anode or cathode material, bonded to each side of a current collector foil. The hybrid capacitor electrodes are formed of porous layers of capacitor particles, mixed or layered with anode or capacitor particles, bonded to each side of a current collector foil. The compositions of the hybrid capacitors are determined to balance the capacities of the electrodes in the lithium-ion electrochemical cell to intercalate or adsorb lithium cations and corresponding anions in the electrolyte infiltrating the pores of the electrode materials.

First claim

1 . An electrochemical cell comprising an assembly of at least two pairs of stacked or wound rolls of facing electrodes of opposed electrical charge, each electrode consisting of a two-sided current collector strip coated on both sides with a porous layer of particles of the same electrode material, each coated layer of electrode material being one selected from the group consisting of (i) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating anode material for a lithium-ion battery, (ii) a lithium ion intercalating/de-intercalating cathode material for a lithium-ion battery, and (iii) a hybrid lithium ion adsorbing/desorbing combination of capacitor material that is mixed or layered with particles of an anode or cathode material, the porous layers of each electrode being separated from a facing layer of an electrode by an inter-positioned co-extensive porous separator layer, the pores of the facing electrode materials and the separators being infiltrated with a non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing lithium cations and corresponding anions;
the assembly of at least one pair of facing, opposing electrical charge electrodes including at least one electrode of capacitor material combined with anode or cathode material facing an electrode of opposing lithium-ion battery anode material or an electrode of opposing cathode material, the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the combined capacitor material and the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the anode or cathode material being in the ratio range of 0.8-1.2; and the coating layers on the at least one pair of opposing electrodes being selected to obtain a predetermined combination of energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) for the electrochemical cell.

2 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

3 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises two to four positive-charge electrode members interposed with a like number of negative-charge electrode members, at least one of the electrode members being a hybrid capacitor electrode formed of particles of capacitor composition and particles of anode or cathode composition facing a battery electrode composition of the opposite charge, the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the hybrid capacitor electrode material and the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the battery composition material being in the ratio range of 0.8-1.2.

4 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 3 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

5 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 3 in which the hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a mixture of capacitor particles and particles of active anode material or cathode material bonded as porous electrode layers to both sides of a current collector foil.

6 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 5 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

7 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 3 in which the hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a porous layer of capacitor particles bonded to both sides of a current collector foil, and a porous layer of particles of active anode material or cathode material is bonded coextensively to each of the porous layers of capacitor particles.

8 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 7 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

9 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 3 in which the hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a porous layer of particles of anode material or cathode material bonded to both sides of a current collector foil and a porous layer of capacitor material is bonded coextensively to the outer side of each of the porous layers of anode material or cathode material.

10 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 9 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

11 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 1 in which the electrochemical cell comprises two anode members and a negatively-charged hybrid capacitor member alternately interposed with two cathode members and a positively-charged hybrid capacitor member, the oppositely-charged hybrid capacitor members being adjacent electrode members with an anode member adjacent to the positively charged hybrid capacitor and a cathode member adjacent to the negatively charged hybrid capacitor member.

12 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 11 in which the anode material is lithium titanate, the cathode material is lithium manganese oxide, and the capacitor material is activated carbon.

13 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 11 in which each hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a porous layer of a mixture of capacitor particles and particles of active anode material or cathode material bonded to both sides of a current collector foil.

14 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 11 in which each hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a porous layer of capacitor particles bonded to both sides of a current collector foil and a porous layer of particles of active anode material or cathode material bonded coextensively to each of the porous layers of capacitor particles.

15 . An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 11 in which each hybrid capacitor electrode is formed of a porous layer of particles of anode material or cathode material bonded to both sides of a current collector foil and a porous layer of capacitor material bonded coextensively to the outer surface of each of the porous layers of anode material or cathode material.

16 . A hybrid capacitor for a lithium ion electrochemical cell, the hybrid capacitor being shaped and adapted to be assembled adjacent to at least one anode or cathode member of the electrochemical cell, but physically separated from the anode or cathode member by a porous separator member; the hybrid capacitor being formed of a combination of (i) particles of capacitor material and (ii) particles of one of the anode material or the cathode material, the combination of hybrid capacitor material particles being resin bonded as one or two porous layers to each side of a metal current collector foil.

17 . A hybrid capacitor as stated in claim 16 in which the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the combined hybrid capacitor material and the measured lithium ion accepting capacity of the anode material or of the cathode material in the adjacent anode or cathode being in the ratio range of 0.8-1.2.

18 . A hybrid capacitor as stated in claim 16 in which the hybrid capacitor is formed of a single porous layer of a blended mixture of capacitor particles and particles of one of the anode material and cathode material, the single porous layer being bonded to each side of the metal current collector foil.

19 . A hybrid capacitor as stated in claim 16 in which the hybrid capacitor is formed of a first porous layer of one of capacitor particles or of particles of one of the anode material and cathode material bonded to each side of the metal current collector foil, and a second porous layer of the other hybrid capacitor material

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Zhang Xiusheng
• Que Xiaochao
• Liu Haijing

Classifications

• H01M4/587

  for inserting or intercalating light metals · CPC title

• H01M12/02

  Details (of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00) · CPC title

• H01M4/133

  Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01G11/82

  Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title