Methods of Performing Brachytherapy

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2018015188-A1
Application number	US-201715718643-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Sep 28, 2017
Priority date	Jun 16, 2010
Publication date	Jan 18, 2018
Grant date	—

Abstract

In one aspect, radioactive nanoparticles are described herein. In some embodiments, a radioactive nanoparticle described herein comprises a metal nanoparticle core, an outer metal shell disposed over the metal nanoparticle core, and a metallic radioisotope disposed within the metal nanoparticle core or within the outer metal shell. In some cases, the radioactive nanoparticle has a size of about 30-500 nm in three dimensions. In addition, in some embodiments, the radioactive nanoparticle further comprises an inner metal shell disposed between the metal nanoparticle core and the outer metal shell. The metal nanoparticle core, outer metal shell, and inner metal shell of the radioactive nanoparticle can have various metallic compositions.

First claim

1 . A radioactive nanoparticle comprising:
a metal nanoparticle core; an outer metal shell disposed over the metal nanoparticle core; and a metallic radioisotope disposed within the metal nanoparticle core or within the outer metal shell, wherein the radioactive nanoparticle has a size of about 30-500 nm in three dimensions.

2 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the radioactive nanoparticle has a size of about 80-200 nm in three dimensions.

3 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 further comprising an inner metal shell disposed between the metal nanoparticle core and the outer metal shell.

4 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 3 , wherein the inner metal shell is formed from a metal having a lower reduction potential than a metal of the outer metal shell.

5 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metal nanoparticle core and the outer metal shell are formed from the same metal or combination of metals.

6 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metal nanoparticle core and the outer metal shell are formed from differing metals or combinations of metals.

7 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein the metal nanoparticle core is formed from a metal having a higher reduction potential than a metal of the outer metal shell.

8 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 3 , wherein the metal nanoparticle core is formed from Au, the inner metal shell is formed from Cu, and the outer metal shell is formed from Pd, Rh, or Au.

10 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metallic radioisotope is disposed within the outer metal shell.

11 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 10 , wherein the metallic radioisotope comprises a metal that is the same as a metal of the outer metal shell.

12 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 10 , wherein the metallic radioisotope and the outer metal shell are formed from differing metallic elements.

13 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metallic radioisotope is disposed within the metal nanoparticle core.

14 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metallic radioisotope comprises Cu-64, Cu-67, Y-90, Pd-103, Rh-105, Re-186, Re-188, Ir-192, or Au-198.

15 . The radioactive nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the radioactive nanoparticle has a negative surface charge.

16 . A method of performing brachytherapy, the method comprising:
disposing a composition within a biological compartment, wherein the composition comprises a plurality of radioactive nanoparticles, at least one of the plurality of radioactive nanoparticles comprising:
a metal nanoparticle core;
an outer metal shell disposed over the metal nanoparticle core; and
a metallic radioisotope disposed within the metal nanoparticle core or within the outer metal shell,
wherein the radioactive nanoparticle has a size of about 30-500 nm in three dimensions.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the metallic radioisotope is a 0-emitter.

18 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the biological compartment is a tumor.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein at least about 80% of the radioactive nanoparticles are retained within the tumor for at least 3 weeks.

20 . The method of claim 16 further comprising:
irradiating the biological compartment with an external beam of ionizing radiation.

Assignees

• Univ Texas

Inventors

• Sun Xiankai
• Hao Yaowu
• Moeendarbari Sina

Classifications

• B22F1/17

  Metallic particles coated with metal · CPC title

• B22F1/0549

  Hollow particles, including tubes and shells · CPC title

• B22F1/056

  Submicron particles having a size above 100 nm up to 300 nm · CPC title

• B22F1/054

  Nanosized particles · CPC title

• A61K9/5115

  Inorganic compounds · CPC title