Methods and compositions for lithium ion batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017365876-A1
Application number	US-201715691424-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Aug 30, 2017
Priority date	Oct 24, 2014
Publication date	Dec 21, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A solid-state lithium ion battery is disclosed. The battery includes an anode containing an anode active material. The battery also includes a cathode containing a cathode active material. The battery further includes a solid-state electrolyte material. The electrolyte material contains a salt or salt mixture with a melting point below approximately 300 degrees Celsius. The battery has an operating temperature of less than about 80 degrees Celsius.

First claim

We claim:

1 . A method of manufacturing a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising:
a. preparing a molten-state electrolyte layer slurry and casting it on a non-metallic porous membrane; b. preparing a cathode layer slurry containing the electrolyte, a cathode active material and carbon, and casting the cathode slurry on an aluminum substrate; c. preparing an anode layer slurry containing the electrolyte, an anode active material and carbon, and casting the anode slurry on a copper substrate; d. stacking together the cathode layer, the electrolyte layer and the anode layer; and e. laminating or hot pressing the stacked layers; wherein the battery manufacturing is carried out at temperatures below 300 degrees Celsius.

2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the battery is manufactured at temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius.

3 . The method of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte for the electrolyte slurry layer contains a salt or salt mixture selected from one of the following: LiFSI, LiTFSI, LiTFSI and LiFSI, CsTFSI, LiTFSI and CsTFSI, LiAlCl 4 and NaAlCl 4 , LiFeCl 4 , NaFeCl 4 , CsI, LiI, CsNO 3 , LiNO 3 , KNO 3 , NaNO 3 , AlF 3 , or combinations thereof.

4 . The method of claim 3 wherein the electrolyte further includes at least one of the following: LISICON, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , doped Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li-beta-alumina, Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3 (LLTO) (x=0.05 to 0.3), or combinations thereof.

5 . The method of claim 4 wherein the electrolyte is a mixture of LiTFSI and LiFSI.

6 . The method of claim 5 wherein the electrolyte mixture is 10 to 30 mol % LiTFSI and 70 to 90 mol % LiFSI.

7 . A method of manufacturing a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising:
a. dissolving a solid-state electrolyte into a first organic solvent with a boiling point less than 210 degrees Celsius to form an electrolyte solution; b. casting the electrolyte solution on a non-metallic porous membrane and the first organic solvent is evaporated and a solid state electrolyte layer is formed; c. dispersing cathode active material and carbon into an electrolyte solution prepared in claim 18 a to form a cathode slurry, wherein the cathode slurry is cast on an aluminum substrate and the organic solvent is evaporated; d. dispersing anode active material and carbon into an electrolyte solution prepared in 18 a to form anode slurry, wherein the anode slurry is cast on an copper substrate and the organic solvent is evaporated; and e. stacking together the cathode layer, the electrolyte layer, and the anode layer by laminating or pressing, wherein the battery manufacturing is carried out at temperatures below 300 degrees Celsius.

8 . The method of claim 7 wherein organic solvent is dimethyl carbonate.

9 . A method of manufacturing a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising:
a. dissolving a solid-state electrolyte into an organic solvent with a boiling point less than 210 degrees Celsius to form an electrolyte solution; b. dispersing cathode active material and carbon into an electrolyte solution containing dissolved solid state electrolyte and an organic solvent with a boiling point less than 210 degrees Celsius to form a cathode slurry, wherein the cathode slurry is cast on an aluminum substrate and the organic solvent is evaporated to form a solid state cathode; c. casting the electrolyte solution prepared in claim 20 a on the surface of the cathode layer and the organic solvent is evaporated to form a solid state electrolyte layer; d. dispersing/mixing anode active material and carbon into an electrolyte solution containing dissolved solid state electrolyte and an organic solvent with a boiling point less than 210 degrees Celsius to form a anode slurry, wherein the anode slurry is cast on the surface of the solid state electrolyte layer prepared in claim 20 c. The organic solvent is evaporated to form a solid state anode layer; and e. adding a copper foil on the top of anode layer as the anode current collector and laminating the stack together, wherein the battery manufacturing is carried out at temperatures below 300 degrees Celsius.

10 . The method of claim 9 wherein organic solvent is dimethyl carbonate.

11 . A method of manufacturing a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising:
a. preparing a molten-state electrolyte layer slurry, a cathode slurry containing the electrolyte, a cathode active material and carbon, and an anode slurry containing the electrolyte, an anode active material and carbon; b. stacking the layers together on a substrate; and c. rolling the stacked layers, wherein the battery manufacturing is carried out at temperatures below 300 degrees Celsius.

12 . The method of claim 11 wherein the battery is manufactured at temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius.

13 . The method of claim 11 wherein the electrolyte for the electrolyte slurry layer contains a salt or salt mixture selected from one or more of the following: LiTFSI, LiFSI, LiTFSI and LiFSI, CsTFSI, LiTFSI and CsTFSI, LiAlCl 4 and NaAlCl 4 , LiFeCl 4 , NaFeCl 4 , CsI, LiI, CsNO 3 , LiNO 3 , KNO 3 , NaNO 3 , AlF 3 , or combinations thereof.

14 . The method of claim 13 wherein the electrolyte further includes at least one of the following: LISICON, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , doped Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li-beta-alumina, Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3 (LLTO) (x=0.05 to 0.3), or combinations thereof.

15 . The method of claim 13 wherein the electrolyte is a mixture of LiTFSI and LiFSI.

16 . The method of claim 15 wherein the electrolyte mixture is 10 to 30 mol % LiTFSI and 70 to 90 mol % LiFSI.

17 . An electrolyte mixture for a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising LiTFSI and LiFSI.

18 . The electrolyte mixture of claim 17 wherein the electrolyte mixture is 10 to 30 mol % LiTFSI and 70 to 90 mol % LiFSI.

19 . The electrolyte mixture of claim 17 wherein the electrolyte mixture is approximately 20 mol % LiTFSI and approximately 80 mol % LiFSI.

20 . An electrolyte mixture for a solid-state lithium-ion battery comprising 0 to 100 mol % LiTFSI.

21 . The electrolyte mixture of claim 20 wherein the electrolyte mixture includes at least one of the following: Li-beta-alumina and Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 .

Assignees

• Battelle Memorial Institute

Inventors

• Zhang Ji-Guang
• Lu Xiaochuan
• Xu Wu
• Qian Jiangfeng
• Xiao Jie
• Liu Bo
• Shao Yuyan
• Lu Dongping
• Deng Daniel
• Liu Tianbiao
• Li Qiuyan

Classifications

• H01M10/0562 Primary

  Solid materials · CPC title

• H01M10/0585

  of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators · CPC title

• H01M4/485

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/043

  involving compressing or compaction · CPC title

• H01M4/382

  Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence) · CPC title