High energy density li-ion battery electrode materials and cells

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017271647-A1
Application number	US-201715615953-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 7, 2017
Priority date	Feb 27, 2012
Publication date	Sep 21, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A method of preparing a high capacity nanocomposite cathode of FeF 3 in carbon pores may include preparing a nanoporous carbon precursor, employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores, reacting nano Fe with liquid hydrofluoric acid to form nano FeF 3 in carbon, and milling to achieve a desired particle size.

First claim

That which is claimed is:

1 . A method of providing electrode materials for a battery cell, the method comprising:
preparing a high capacity nanocomposite cathode of FeF 3 ; preparing a high capacity nanocomposite anode of Cu and Si by:
creating a Cu: Si interface via electrodeposition or physically forming Cu around Si by milling; and
annealing to enhance atomic intermixing; and
combining the high capacity nanocomposite cathode with the high capacity nanocomposite anode for a high energy density Lithium-ion battery cell.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the high capacity nanocomposite cathode comprises:
reacting iron nitrate nonahydrate with hydrofluoric acid to yield hydrated iron fluoride; and heating the hydrated iron fluoride in argon.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the high capacity nanocomposite cathode comprises preparing the high capacity nanocomposite cathode of FeF 3 in carbon pores by:
preparing a nanoporous carbon precursor; employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores; reacting nano Fe with liquid hydrofluoric acid to form nano FeF 3 in carbon; and milling to achieve a desired particle size.

4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein preparing the high capacity nanocomposite cathode further comprises characterizing the electrochemical and/or morphological properties of the resultant material.

5 . The method of claim 3 , wherein milling to achieve the desired particle size comprises mechanical milling or ball milling to decrease particle size.

6 . The method of claim 3 , wherein employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores comprises:
infiltrating the carbon pores with an Fe precursor solution; and applying heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to leave behind nano Fe particles in the carbon pores.

7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein applying heat treatment comprises heat treating the infiltrated carbon pores at a temperature of about 600 to about 1000 degrees C. to yield Fe filled pores in a carbon host.

8 . The method of claim 3 , wherein employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores comprises:
applying heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to form nanoporous carbon; and electrochemically depositing Fe in nanopores of carbon.

9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein applying heat treatment comprises heat treating the porous carbon precursor at a temperature of about 600 to about 1000 degrees C. in the inert atmosphere to yield a nanoporous carbon host.

10 . The method of claim 3 , wherein creating the Cu: Si interface via electrodeposition or physically forming Cu around Si by milling comprises:
preparing amorphous silicon nanoparticles using high energy mechanical milling; placing Si powder that aggregates in a fine metal mesh container; and electrodepositing a thin film of Cu on the Si powder.

11 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising characterizing electrochemical and morphological properties of resultant material.

12 . The method of claim 3 , wherein creating the Cu: Si interface via electrodeposition or physically forming Cu around Si by milling comprises:
providing Si powder, Cu powder, and a milling agent in a plurality of weight ratios; and milling the Si powder, Cu powder, and the milling agent via high energy mechanical milling to in-situ form a high quality Cu: Si nanocomposite.

13 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising characterizing electrochemical and morphological properties of resultant material.

14 . A method of preparing a high capacity nanocomposite cathode of FeF 3 in carbon pores, the method comprising:
preparing a nanoporous carbon precursor; employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores; reacting nano Fe with liquid hydrofluoric acid to form nano FeF 3 in carbon; and milling to achieve a desired particle size.

15 . The method of claim 14 , further comprising characterizing the electrochemical and/or morphological properties of the resultant material.

16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein milling to achieve the desired particle size comprises mechanical milling or ball milling to decrease particle size.

17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores comprises:
infiltrating the carbon pores with an Fe precursor solution; and applying heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to leave behind nano Fe particles in the carbon pores.

18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein employing electrochemistry or solution chemistry deposition to deposit Fe particles in the carbon pores comprises:
applying heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to form nanoporous carbon; and electrochemically depositing Fe in nanopores of carbon.

Assignees

• Univ Johns Hopkins

Inventors

• Walker Jeremy D
• Maranchi Jeffrey P
• Russell Edward D
• Sample Jennifer L
• Patchan Marcia W
• Baird Lance M
• Srinivasan Rengaswamy

Classifications

• H01M4/0452

  from solutions · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/58

  of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates · CPC title

• H01M4/0402 Primary

  Methods of deposition of the material · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title