Solid electrolyte and lithium battery comprising the solid electrolyte

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017222244-A1
Application number	US-201715402435-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jan 10, 2017
Priority date	Feb 3, 2016
Publication date	Aug 3, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A solid electrolyte includes: an ionic liquid; a lithium salt; an inorganic particle; and a polymer, wherein an amount of the ionic liquid is greater than or equal to about 33 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. Also a lithium battery including the solid electrolyte and a method of preparing a composite electrolyte membrane including the solid electrolyte.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A solid electrolyte comprising:
an ionic liquid; a lithium salt; an inorganic particle; and a polymer, wherein an amount of the ionic liquid is greater than or equal to about 33 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

2 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the polymer comprises at least one selected from a non-alkylene oxide containing polymer and a non-ionic polymer.

3 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is at least one selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-butadiene rubber, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, a vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, a vinylidene fluoride-pentafluoropropylene copolymer, a propylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a vinylidene fluoride-perfluoromethyl vinyl ether-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, and polymethyl methacrylate.

4 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the solid electrolyte does not comprise a polymer fiber.

5 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is at least one compound represented by Formula 1 or Formula 2:

wherein, in Formula 1,

is a 3 to 31-membered ring including at least one heteroatom and 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and is a cycloalkyl ring, an aryl ring, or a heteroaryl ring,
X is —N(R 1 )(R 2 ) or —P(R 1 )(R 2 ), R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heteroaryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 hetero aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C30 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heterocycloalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C100 alkylene oxide group, and Y − is an anion, and

wherein, in Formula 2, X is —N(R 1 )(R 2 )(R 3 ) or —P(R 1 )(R 2 )(R 3 ),
R 1 to R 3 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heteroaryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 hetero aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C30 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heterocycloalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C100 alkylene oxide group,
R 11 is an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heteroaryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 hetero aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C30 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heterocycloalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C100 alkylene oxide group, and
Y − is an anion.

6 . The solid electrolyte of claim 5 , wherein

in Formula 1 is one of compounds represented by Formula 3, and

in Formula 2 is a cation represented by Formula 4:

wherein, in Formula 3,
Z is N or P;
R 12 to R 18 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heteroaryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 hetero aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C30 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heterocycloalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C100 alkylene oxide group;

wherein, in Formula 4,
Z is N or P;
R 12 to R 15 are each independently hydrogen, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C1-C30 alkoxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C6-C30 aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heteroaryl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 hetero aryloxy group, an unsubstituted or substituted C4-C30 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted or substituted C3-C30 heterocycloalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted C2-C100 alkylene oxide group.

7 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the polymer is from about 30 parts by weight to about 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ionic liquid.

8 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt comprises at least one selected from lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiNO 3 , lithium bis(oxalato) borate, LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiN(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiC(SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 , LiN(SO 3 CF 3 ) 2 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiAlCl 4 , and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.

9 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the lithium salt is from about 33 parts by weight to about 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ionic liquid.

10 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particle comprises at least one selected from SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , AlN, SiC, BaTiO 3 , graphite oxide, graphene oxide, a metal organic framework, a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, Li 2 CO 3 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li 3 N, Li 3 S 4 , Li 2 O, and montmorillonite.

11 . The solid electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the inorganic particle is from about 0.1 part by weight to about 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ionic liquid.

12 . A lithium battery comprising:
a positive electrode; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the electrolyte layer comprises a solid electrolyte comprising
an ionic liquid,
a lithium salt,
an inorganic particle, and
a polymer,
wherein an amount of the ionic liquid is greater than or equal to about 33 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.

13 . The lithium battery of claim 12 , wherein the electrolyte layer comprises an electrolyte membrane comprising the solid electrolyte.

14 . The lithium battery of claim 12 , wherein the lithium battery further comprises an inorganic composite layer disposed between the el

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
• Univ Seoul Nat R & Db Found

Inventors

• Kim Hyunjin
• Kim Joonhee
• Roev Victor
• Kwon Hyukjae
• Im Dongmin
• Kang Kisuk
• Bae Youngjoon

Classifications

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M2008/1095

  Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M10/0565 Primary

  Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type · CPC title

• H01M8/1039 Primary

  halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title