Polyurethane aerosol compositions, articles, and related methods

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017198150-A1
Application number	US-201515321085-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 15, 2015
Priority date	Jun 24, 2014
Publication date	Jul 13, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

Provided are one-part, shelf-stable polyurethane aerosol compositions, and related articles and methods. When sprayed onto a substrate and dried, these compositions provide polyurethane films. These polyurethane films display improved moisture resistance, optical clarity, and weatherability compared to known aerosol compositions, particularly in adverse environmental conditions. The compositions generally include an aqueous polyurethane dispersion containing a urethane moiety obtained by reacting (i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups, (ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound, and (iii) a diisocyanate and optionally a silane terminal group; a propellant; and optionally one or more additives.

First claim

1 . A polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
a polymer obtained by reacting
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound;
(iii) a diisocyanate; and
(iv) an isocyanate-reactive chain extender comprising hydrazine or a hydrazide;
water; and a propellant.

2 . A polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
a urethane moiety obtained by reacting
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound; and
(iii) a diisocyanate;
a silyl terminal group; water; and a propellant.

3 . The composition of claim 2 , wherein the silyl terminal group comprises an alkoxy silane having the formula
(R2O) 3 SiR3-Z,
wherein R2 is hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl, R3 is divalent alkylene, alkylarylene, oxyalkylene; and Z is selected from —OH, —SH, —NHR4, and —NH2, where R4 is an aromatic or aliphatic cyclic group.

4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the neutralized water-solubilizing compound comprises a reaction product of the formula
(HB) 2 R1A,
wherein B is O, S, NH or NR, wherein R is an alkyl group comprising 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R1 is a trivalent organic linking group; and A is an anionic group selected from SO3M, —OSO3M, —CO 2 M, and —OPO(OM) 2 and wherein M is a water-soluble cation.

5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the water is present in an amount ranging from 50 weight percent to 95 weight percent based on the overall weight of the composition excluding the propellant.

6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the propellant comprises dimethyl ether.

7 . The composition of claim 2 further comprising a urea moiety obtained by reacting an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and an isocyanate-reactive chain extender.

8 . The composition of claim 7 , wherein the isocyanate-reactive chain extender is hydrazine or a hydrazide.

9 . The composition of claim 8 , wherein the hydrazide is selected from carbodihydrazide, oxalic dihydrazide, thiocarbohydrazide, or a dihydrazide having the following formula:

wherein R is a covalent bond, a heteratom, or a divalent organic radical.

10 . An aerosol device comprising:
a hermetically sealed container with the polyurethane aerosol composition of claim 1 enclosed therein via a valve; and an actuator for dispensing the polyurethane aerosol composition from the container.

11 . A method of making a polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
obtaining an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer by reacting a mixture comprising a polyol or thiol comprising two isocyanate-reactive groups and a diisocyanate; providing a solubilized polyurethane prepolymer by reacting sequentially the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer with:
(i) an acidic water-solubilizing compound; and
(ii) a base to neutralize the water-solubilizing compound;
dispersing the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer in water; reacting the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer with an isocyanate-reactive chain extender comprising hydrazine or a hydrazide; and adding a propellant to obtain the polyurethane aerosol composition.

12 . A method of providing a thermoplastic polyurethane coating on a substrate from a one-part composition, the method comprising:
depositing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion onto the substrate through an aerosol actuator using a propellant, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion comprising a polymer obtained by reacting:
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound;
(iii) a diisocyanate; and
(iv) an isocyanate-reactive chain extender comprising hydrazine or a hydrazide;
removing water from the dispersion to harden the thermoplastic polyurethane coating.

13 . A method of making a polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
obtaining an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer by reacting a mixture comprising a polyol or thiol comprising two isocyanate-reactive groups and a diisocyanate; providing a solubilized polyurethane prepolymer by reacting sequentially the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer with:
(i) an acidic water-solubilizing compound;
(ii) a base to neutralize the water-solubilizing compound; and
(iii) a silyl terminal group;
dispersing the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer in water; reacting the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer with an isocyanate-reactive chain extender; and adding a propellant to obtain the polyurethane aerosol composition.

14 . A method of providing a crosslinked polyurethane coating on a substrate from a one-part composition, the method comprising:
depositing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion onto the substrate through an aerosol actuator using a propellant, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion comprising:
urethane moieties obtained by reacting
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound; and
(iii) a diisocyanate;

silyl terminal groups; and
water; and
removing the water to condense the silyl terminal groups, thereby providing a crosslinked polyurethane coating.

15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the silyl terminal groups comprise an alkoxy silane having the formula
(R2O) 3 SiR3-Z,
wherein R2 is hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl, R3 is divalent alkylene, alkylarylene, or oxyalkylene; and Z is selected from —OH, —SH, —NHR4, and —NH2, wherein R4 is an aromatic or aliphatic cyclic group.

16 . A polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
a polymer obtained by reacting
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound;
(iii) a diisocyanate; and
(iv) an isocyanate-reactive chain extender;
water; and a dimethyl ether propellant, wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 10,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol.

17 . A method of providing a thermoplastic polyurethane coating on a substrate from a one-part composition, the method comprising:
depositing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion onto the substrate through an aerosol actuator using a dimethyl ether propellant, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion including a polymer obtained by reacting:
(i) a polyol or thiol having isocyanate-reactive functional groups;
(ii) a neutralized water-solubilizing compound;
(iii) a diisocyanate; and
(iv) an isocyanate-reactive chain extender; and
removing water from the dispersion to harden the thermoplastic polyurethane coating, wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 10,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol.

18 . A method of making a polyurethane aerosol composition comprising:
obtaining an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer by reacting a mixture comprising a polyol or thiol comprising two isocyanate-reactive groups and a diisocyanate; providing a solubilized polyurethane prepolymer by reacting sequentially the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer with:
(i) an acidic water-solubilizing compound; and
(ii) a base to neutralize the water-solubilizing compound;
dispersing the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer in water; reacting the solubilized polyurethane prepolymer with an isocyanate-reactive chain extender; and adding a propellant to obtain the polyurethane aerosol composition, wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 10

Assignees

• 3M Innovative Properties Co

Inventors

• Endle Susan M
• Nietfeld Jon P
• Lu Yongshang
• Hansen Richard G
• Iyer Suresh S

Classifications

• C09D175/12

  from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group · CPC title

• B05D3/007

  After-treatment · CPC title

• C09D5/021 Primary

  Aerosols (aerosol compositions C09K3/30) · CPC title

• B05D1/02

  performed by spraying · CPC title

• C09D7/1233

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic