Solid electrode including electrolyte-impregnated active material particles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017162862-A1
Application number	US-201615366942-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 1, 2016
Priority date	Dec 4, 2015
Publication date	Jun 8, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a solid electrode. To more strongly utilize the intrinsic properties of a porous active material with respect to capacitance and therefore energy density and also rate and high-current capability, in the method, porous active material particles are impregnated using an ion-conducting liquid which contains monomers and/or oligomers in particular and a solid electrode is formed from the impregnated active material particles by adding at least one solid electrolyte. In addition, the invention relates to such solid electrodes and all-solid-state cells.

First claim

1 - 20 . (canceled)

21 . A method for manufacturing a solid electrode, the method comprising:
impregnating porous active material particles using an ion-conducting liquid; and forming a solid electrode from the impregnated active material particles by adding at least one solid electrolyte.

22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the ion-conducting liquid includes at least one of: (i) an ion-conducting liquid containing at least one of monomers and oligomers for forming at least one of a polymer electrolyte and an oligomer electrolyte, and (ii) a liquid electrolyte.

23 . The method of claim 22 , wherein the at least one of the monomers and the oligomers are at least one of polymerized and cross-linked to form at least one of a polymer electrolyte and a oligomer electrolyte.

24 . The method of claim 22 , wherein at least one of (i) the at least one of the monomers and the oligomers, and (ii) the at least one of the polymer electrolyte and the oligomer electrolyte formed therefrom are linked chemically to functional groups on the surface of the porous active material particles.

25 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the ion-conducting liquid, which contains monomers and/or oligomers, furthermore contains a polymerization initiator and/or a cross-linking initiator and/or a linking initiator and/or the polymerization and/or cross-linking and/or linking reaction is started thermally and/or in a radiation-induced way or a UV-induced way.

26 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the impregnated active material particles are treated with a further liquid, which contains at least one gel-forming and/or ion-conductive solvent and/or at least one liquid electrolyte, before the formation of the solid electrode.

27 . The method of claim 22 , wherein the at least one of the monomers and oligomers for forming the at least one of the polymer electrolyte and the oligomer electrolyte are configured to form at least one of a single-ion-conducting polyelectrolyte and a oligoelectrolyte and/or to form at least one of an ion-conductive polymer and an ion-conductive oligomer.

28 . The method of claim 22 , wherein the ion-conducting liquid, which contains monomers and/or oligomers, furthermore includes monomers and/or oligomers for forming an ion-conductive polymer, which has a lower glass transition temperature and/or a higher conducting salt solubility and/or coordination capability than the polymer electrolyte and/or oligomer electrolyte formed from the monomers and/or oligomers for forming a polymer electrolyte and/or oligomer electrolyte.

29 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the ion-conducting liquid, which contains monomers and/or oligomers, furthermore contains conductive additive nanoparticles, including carbon nanoparticles.

30 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the at least one solid electrolyte includes at least one polymer electrolyte and/or at least one inorganic, including a ceramic and/or glass-like ion conductor, in particular a lithium argyrodite and/or a sulfidic glass.

31 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the monomers and/or oligomers for forming a polymer electrolyte and/or oligomer electrolyte and/or the at least one solid electrolyte, the at least one polymer electrolyte of the at least one solid electrolyte, include at least one unit of the general chemical formula:

or are designed for the formation thereof,
-[A]- standing for a unit which forms a polymer backbone or oligomer backbone,
X standing for a spacer, x standing for the number of the spacer X and being 1 or 0, and
Q standing for a negatively charged group Q − and a counter ion Z + or
Q standing for an uncharged group Q or
Q standing for a positively charged group Q + and a counter ion Z − ,
in particular Q standing for a negatively charged group Q − and a counter ion Z + .

32 . The method of claim 21 , wherein one of the following is satisfied:
(i) the solid electrode is formed with a dry coating process, in which the impregnated active material particles and at least one solid electrolyte and optionally at least one conductive additive are mixed and a substrate, in particular a current collector is coated using the resulting coating material, and (ii) the solid electrode is formed with a wet coating process, in which the impregnated active material particles and at least one solid electrolyte and optionally at least one conducting salt are mixed with at least one coating solvent and a substrate, in particular a current collector, is coated using the resulting coating material, the at least one coating solvent being removed again after the coating by a drying process.

33 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the solid electrode is a solid cathode, in which the porous active material particles are cathode active material particles, or the solid electrode is a solid anode, in which the porous active material particles are anode active material particles.

34 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the porous active material particles or cathode active material particles include a sulfur-carbon composite, in particular a sulfur-polymer and/or carbon modification composite, in particular a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, or are formed therefrom.

35 . A solid electrode, comprising:
a solid cathode or a solid anode, which is formed from impregnated active material particles by adding at least one solid electrolyte, wherein an ion-conducting liquid impregnates the impregnated porous active material particles.

36 . A solid electrode, comprising:
a solid cathode or a solid anode, which is formed from impregnated active material particles by adding at least one solid electrolyte, wherein an ion-conducting liquid impregnates the impregnated porous active material particles; wherein ≧50 vol. % of the open pores of the porous active material particles, with respect to the total pore volume of the open pores of the porous active material particles, are filled with at least one electrolyte, in particular a polymer electrolyte and/or oligomer electrolyte, including, a single-ion-conducting polyelectrolyte and/or oligoelectrolyte, the electrolyte-filled, porous active material particles being embedded in at least one solid electrolyte.

37 . The solid electrode of claim 36 , wherein the solid electrode includes at least one conductive additive, in particular the at least one conductive additive also being embedded in the at least one solid electrolyte.

38 . The solid electrode of claim 36 , wherein the solid electrode is a solid cathode, the porous active material particles including a sulfur-carbon composite, in particular a sulfur-polymer and/or carbon modification composite, in particular a sulfur-polyacrylonitrile composite, or being formed therefrom.

39 . An all-solid-state cell, which is an all-solid-state alkali metal sulfur cell, comprising:
a cathode; a separator; and an anode; wherein each of the solid cathode and the solid anode, are formed from impregnated active material particles by adding at least one solid electrolyte, wherein an ion-conducting liquid impregnates the impregnated porous active material particles.

40 . The all-solid-state cell of claim 39 , wherein the separator includes a block copolymer, in particular a polyethylene oxide-polystyrene block copolymer, and/or a single-ion-conducting polyelectrolyte and/or an inorganic ion conductor.

41 . The method of claim 21 , wh

Assignees

• Bosch Gmbh Robert

Inventors

• Thielen Joerg
• Sauter Ulrich
• Baumann Frank

Classifications

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M4/1397

  of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• H01M4/0416

  involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder (H01M4/0438 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/364

  as mixtures · CPC title