Lithium-Air Battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017149106-A1
Application number	US-201615350258-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 14, 2016
Priority date	May 15, 2014
Publication date	May 25, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A lithium-air battery is provided which includes a gas diffusion layer that is at least partially filled with air, having an electrically conducting material as a cathode, an at least partially electrolyte-impregnated filter having an electronically non-conducting material as a separator, and an anode having a lithium metal, a lithium-metal alloy or lithium-oxide-metal mixture. The separator is between the anode and the cathode and the electrolyte includes a hydrophobic, ionic liquid and a lithium salt. The three phases, gaseous air, liquid electrolyte and solid conducting material, are in contact on at least one point of the gas diffusion layer. A method for producing such battery and the use of such battery in a motor vehicle are also provided.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A lithium-air battery comprising:
a gas diffusion layer which is at least partially filled with air comprising a cathode comprising an electronically conductive material; a filter which is at least partially impregnated with an electrolyte comprising a separator comprising an electronically non-conductive material; and an anode comprising a lithium metal, a lithium metal alloy or a lithium oxide-metal mixture, wherein the separator is between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrophobic, ionic liquid and a lithium salt, and wherein the three phases, gaseous air, liquid electrolyte and solid electronically conductive material, are in contact on at least one point of the gas diffusion layer.

2 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises alicyclic nitrogen cations having an asymmetric structure.

3 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 2 , wherein an alicyclic ring of the cation has from 5 to 7 ring atoms.

4 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 2 , wherein a quaternary nitrogen of the cation is substituted by a methyl and a radical selected from the group consisting of (CH 2 ) n —CH 3 , (CH 2 ) n —O—CH 3 and (CH 2 —CH 2 O) n —CH 3 , wherein n=1-4.

5 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 2 , wherein the electrolyte comprises cations selected from the group consisting of N-butyl-N-methyl pyrrolidinium, N-methoxyethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium, and mixtures thereof.

6 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises anions.

7 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 6 , wherein the anion is fluorinated sulfonyl imides.

8 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 6 , wherein the anion is bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.

9 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt comprises lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide.

10 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the lithium salt to the electrolyte is from 1:2 to 1:20.

11 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the gas diffusion layer comprises a woven carbon fiber fabric or a non-woven carbon fiber fabric.

12 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the gas diffusion layer is coated with conductive carbon black.

13 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the separator is a filter which comprises a material selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, cellulose fibers and organic polymer.

14 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises a foil composed of lithium metal.

15 . The lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , wherein the battery is encapsulated in such a way that air can penetrate into the gas diffusion layer.

16 . A process for producing the lithium-air battery according to claim 1 , comprising:
stacking on top of one another under protective gas of: a gas diffusion layer comprising a cathode comprising an electronically conductive material; a filter which is at least partially impregnated with an electrolyte comprising a separator comprising an electronically non-conductive material; and an anode comprising a lithium metal, a lithium metal alloy or a lithium oxide-metal mixture, wherein the separator is between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte comprises a hydrophobic, ionic liquid and a lithium salt, wherein the three phases, gaseous air, liquid electrolyte and solid conductive material, are in contact on at least one point of the gas diffusion layer, and encapsulating the lithium-air battery so that air can penetrate into the gas diffusion layer.

17 . A motor vehicle having the lithium-air battery according to claim 1 .

Assignees

• Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag

Inventors

• Elia Giuseppe Antonio
• Hassoun Jusef
• Mueller Franziska
• Bresser Dominic
• Sun Yang-Kook
• Passerini Stefano
• Scrosati Bruno

Classifications

• H01M2300/0045

  Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion · CPC title

• H01M10/0566

  Liquid materials · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M2220/20

  Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title