Acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds and use thereof as additives in fuels and lubricants

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017145333-A1
Application number	US-201715423240-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 2, 2017
Priority date	Jul 6, 2010
Publication date	May 25, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds, to the preparation thereof and to the use thereof as a fuel and lubricant additive, more particularly as a detergent additive, as a wax antisettling additive (WASA) or as an additive for reducing internal diesel injector deposits (IDID); to additive packages which comprise these compounds; and to fuels and lubricants thus additized. The present invention further relates to the use of these acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel additive for reducing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines, especially in common-rail injection systems, for reducing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common-rail injection systems, and for minimizing power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common-rail injection systems.

First claim

1 . A process for preparing quaternized nitrogen compounds, wherein
a. a compound comprising at least one oxygen- or nitrogen-containing group reactive with the anhydride and additionally comprising at least one quaternizable amino group is added onto a polycarboxylic anhydride compound, and b. the product from stage a) is quaternized.

2 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the polycarboxylic anhydride compound is a di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic anhydride.

3 . A quaternized nitrogen compound, comprising at least one compound of the general formulae:

in which R 1 is H or a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbyl radical which may optionally be mono- or polysubstituted by hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydrocarbyloxy and/or acyl radicals, or has one or more ether groups in the hydrocarbyl chain, and is especially H or short-chain hydrocarbyl, especially alkyl;
R 2 is H or alkyl; R 3 is hydrocarbyl, especially long-chain hydrocarbyl, for example a polyalkylene radical;
at least one of the R 4 , R 5 and R 6 radicals is a radical introduced by quaternization, especially a hydrocarbyl radical or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl radical, and the remaining radicals are selected from straight-chain or branched, cyclic hydrocarbyl radicals which are optionally mono- or polysubstituted and/or have one or more heteroatoms;
R 7 is H or a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbyl radical which may optionally be mono- or polysubstituted by hydroxyl, carboxyl, hydrocarbyloxy and/or acyl radicals, or has one or more ether groups in the hydrocarbyl chain, or R 7 together with one of the R 4 , R 5 and R 6 radicals forms a bridge group;
L 1 is a chemical bond or a straight-chain or branched alkylene group and
L 2 is a straight-chain or branched alkylene group which optionally bears one or more heteroatoms or substituents.

4 . A quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 which is essentially H + donor-free, and comprises no inorganic acids or short-chain organic acids.

5 . A fuel additive or lubricant additive comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

6 . A detergent additive for diesel fuels comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

7 . A wax antisettling additive (WASA) for middle distillate fuels comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

8 . An additive for reducing or preventing deposits in injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

9 . An additive for controlling or reducing internal diesel injector deposits (IDID) comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

10 . An additive concentrate comprising, in combination with further diesel fuel additives, at least one quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

11 . A fuel composition comprising: a base fuel, and an effective amount of at least one quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

12 . A lubricant composition comprising: a customary lubricant, and an effective amount of at least one quaternized nitrogen compound according to claim 3 .

Assignees

• Basf Se

Inventors

• Grabarse Wolfgang
• Boehnke Harald
• Tock Christian
• Roeger-Goepfert Cornelia
• Voelkel Ludwig

Classifications

• C10N2020/04

  Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution · CPC title

• C10N2030/04

  Detergent property or dispersant property · CPC title

• C10N2040/25

  Internal-combustion engines · CPC title

• C10L1/2383

  Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof {(poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C) (C10L1/221 takes precedence)} · CPC title

• C10L1/2387

  Polyoxyalkyleneamines {(poly)oxyalkylene amines and derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C) (C10L1/221 takes precedence)} · CPC title