IProton Sponge As Supplement To Electrolytes For Photocatalytic And Electrochemical Co2 Reduction

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016376714-A1
Application number	US-201415039808-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 18, 2014
Priority date	Nov 26, 2013
Publication date	Dec 29, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for converting carbon dioxide and water, wherein the electrolyte comprises a proton sponge which serves to accumulate CO2 in the electrolyte. The invention further relates to a corresponding use of a proton sponge and to an electrolyte comprising at least one proton sponge.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method, comprising:
reacting carbon dioxide and water, and using a liquid electrolyte or an electrolyte solution comprising one or more proton sponge to accumulate CO2 in the electrolyte.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the proton sponge in the liquid electrolyte or the electrolyte solution is present in dissolved or suspended form.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said reacting comprises a photocatalysis.

4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the photocatalysis utilizes at least one ceramic photosemiconductor select from the groups consisting of TiO2, ZnO, GaN, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, GaAs, MoS2, WSe2, MoSe2, and WO3.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said reacting comprises an electrolysis.

6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the electrolysis is performed with at least one of: (a) a CO2 reduction catalyst as cathode or (b) an oxidation catalyst as anode.

7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the cathode contains Cu, Au, Ag, Zn, Pd, Bi, or Ga.

8 - 9 . (canceled)

10 . A substance comprising:
a liquid electrolyte or an electrolyte solution and at least one proton sponge in the liquid electrolyte or electrolyte solution.

11 . The substance of claim 10 , wherein the proton sponge is present in the electrolyte in a dissolved or suspended form.

12 . The substance of claim 10 , wherein the proton sponge has the general formula (I):

where:
n is =0 or 1;
A1 and A2 represent aromatic scaffolds linkable via a further ring A3, wherein
when n is =1, A3 is present and represents a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentane ring which shares the bonding at positions 1 and 2 with the aromatic scaffold A1 and at positions 3 and 4 with the aromatic scaffold A2, and the carbon at position 5 is present between A1 and A2 at the bottom of the formula with two possible substituents Rd and Rd′;
Rd and Rd′ independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic oieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, wherein when Rd and Rd′ are present they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles;
when n is =0, the ring A3 is absent and the rings A1 and A2 are fused;
Rw, Rx, Ry, and Rz independently represent substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 50 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched sulfonylalkyl moieties of 1 to 50 carbon atoms, where 2 or more of Rx to Rz are combinable to form a ring or polycycles where not only Rw and Rx but also Ry and Rz are each replaceable by a single moiety Rw or Ry to form a double bond on the nitrogen; and
Ra and Rb independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms on the particular ring of the naphthalene skeleton, where when 2 or more of Ra and/or Rb are present, they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles.

13 . The solution of claim 10 , wherein the proton sponge is a compound having one of the following formulae (II), (III), (IVa), (IVb), (Va) or (Vb):

where R1 to R4 independently represent substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched sulfonylalkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, where 2 or more of R1 to R4 are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles; and
where Ra and Rb independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms on the particular ring of the naphthalene skeleton, where when 2 or more of Ra and/or Rb are present, they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles;

where R5 to R8 independently represent substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched sulfonylalkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, where 2 or more of R5 to R8 are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles; and
where Ra and Rb independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms on the particular ring of the fluorene skeleton, where when 2 or more of Ra and/or Rb are present, they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles; and
where Rd and Rd′ independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, wherein when Rd and Rd′ are present they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles;

where R11 to R14 independently represent substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched sulfonylalkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, where 2 or more of R11 to R14 are combinable to form an aliphatic ring or polycycles; and
where Ra and Rb independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms on the particular ring of the naphthalene skeleton, where when 2 or more of Ra and/or Rb are present, they are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles;

where R21 to R28 independently represent hydrogen and/or substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, where 2 or more of R21 to R28 are combinable to form an aliphatic or aromatic ring or polycycles; and
where Ra and Rb independently represent hydrogen and/or one or more substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl moieties of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and/or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic and/or heteroaromatic moieties of 1 to 40 carbon atoms on the particular ring of the naphthalene skeleton, where when 2 or more of Ra and/or Rb ar

Assignees

• Siemens Ag

Inventors

• Fleischer Maximilian
• Groenninger Philipp
• Krause Ralf
• Matzas Mark
• Schmid Guenter
• Wiesner Kerstin

Classifications

• B01D2252/30

  Ionic liquids and zwitter-ions · CPC title

• B01D2255/20769

  Molybdenum · CPC title

• B01D2252/103

  Water · CPC title

• B01D2255/20792

  Zinc · CPC title

• B01D2255/802

  Photocatalytic · CPC title