Systems and methods for verification and anomaly detection using a mixture of hidden markov models

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016371600-A1
Application number	US-201615181876-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 14, 2016
Priority date	Jun 22, 2015
Publication date	Dec 22, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for monitoring data recorded from systems over time. The techniques described herein include the ability to detect and classify system events, and to provide indicators of normal system operation and anomaly detection. The systems and methods of the present disclosure can represent events occurring in the system being monitored in such a way that the temporal characteristics of the events can be captured and utilized for detection, classification and/or anomaly detection, which can be particularly useful when dealing with complex systems and/or events.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A condition monitoring system to monitor conditions at an oil and gas exploration or extraction system that includes one or more blowout preventers, the condition monitoring system comprising:
one or more hydrophones that:
receive acoustic signals caused by operation of the one or more blowout preventers; and
generate a set of acoustic data indicative of operational conditions at the one or more blowout preventers based on the acoustic signals; and
a verification and anomaly detection component implemented by one or more processors, wherein the verification and anomaly detection component uses a Mixture of Hidden Markov Models to at least one of:
verify the operation of the one or more blowout preventers based on the acoustic data; and
determine that an anomaly has occurred at the one or more blowout preventers based on the acoustic data.

2 . The condition monitoring system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a feature extraction component implemented by one or more processors, wherein the feature extraction component extracts one or more features from the acoustic data based on a set of parameters.

3 . The condition monitoring system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a training component implemented by one or more processors, wherein the training component trains a plurality of Hidden Markov Models for inclusion in the Mixture of Hidden Markov Models.

4 . The condition monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the verification and anomaly detection component triggers an alarm in response to a determination that an anomaly has occurred.

5 . A computer-implemented method to perform condition monitoring for a system, the method comprising:
obtaining, by one or more computing devices, a set of system data indicative of operational conditions at one or more components of the system; inputting, by the one or more computing devices, at least a portion of the set of system data into a Mixture of Hidden Markov Models; receiving, by the one or more computing devices, at least one classification and at least one fitness score as an output of the Mixture of Hidden Markov Models; determining, by the one or more computing devices based at least in part on the at least one classification and the at least one fitness score, an operational status of the one or more components of the system, the operational status indicative of whether an anomaly has occurred at the one or more components of the system.

6 . The computer-implemented method of claim 5 , wherein determining, by the one or more computing devices based at least in part on the at least one classification and the at least one fitness score, the operational status of the one or more components of the system comprises:
comparing, by the one or more computing devices, the fitness score to a threshold value; in response to a determination that the fitness score is greater than the threshold value, determining, by the one or more computing devices, that an event identified by the classification occurred at the system without an anomaly; and in response to a determination that the fitness score is less than the threshold value, determining, by the one or more computing devices, that an anomaly has occurred at the one or more components of the system.

7 . The computer-implemented method of claim 5 , wherein obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data comprises obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, a set of acoustic data indicative of operational conditions at one or more blowout preventers of an oil drilling system, the set of acoustic data collected by one or more hydrophones.

8 . The computer-implemented method of claim 5 , wherein obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data comprises obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, a set of full flight aviation data indicative of operational conditions at one or more components of an aircraft engine.

9 . The computer-implemented method of claim 5 , wherein obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data comprises obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data collected while the system transitions between a plurality of different events over time.

10 . The computer-implemented method of claim 9 , wherein receiving, by the one or more computing devices, the at least one classification and the at least one fitness score comprises receiving, by the one or more computing devices, a plurality of classifications and a plurality of fitness scores respectively associated with the plurality of classifications as an output of the Mixture of Hidden Markov Models, wherein each of the plurality of classifications identifies a respective one of the plurality of different events, and wherein the fitness score for each classification indicates a confidence that the event identified by the corresponding classification was executed without an anomaly.

11 . The computer-implemented method of claim 9 , further comprising:
obtaining, by the one or more computing devices, a plurality of threshold values respectively for the plurality of classifications; wherein determining, by the one or more computing devices, the operational status of the one or more components of the system comprises:
comparing, by the one or more computing devices, each of the plurality of fitness scores to the respective threshold value for the classification to which such fitness score corresponds;
in response to a determination that all of the fitness score are greater than their respective threshold values, determining, by the one or more computing devices, that the events identified by the classifications occurred at the system without an anomaly; and
in response to a determination that one or more of the fitness score are less than their respective threshold values, determining, by the one or more computing devices, that an anomaly has occurred at the one or more components of the system during the one or more events respectively identified by the one or more classifications to which such one or more fitness scores correspond.

12 . The computer-implemented method of claim 5 , further comprising, prior to inputting, by the one or more computing devices, at least the portion of the set of system data into the Mixture of Hidden Markov Models:
training, by the one or more computing devices, the Mixture of Hidden Markov Models on a set of training data, wherein the set of training data is labeled.

13 . A computer-implemented method for providing verification and anomaly detection, the method comprising:
receiving, by one or more computing devices, a set of system data; extracting, by the one or more computing devices, one or more features from the set of system data; determining, by the one or more computing devices, one or more of a class prediction and a fitness score for the set of system data using a Mixture of Hidden Markov Models; and determining, by the one or computing devices, that an anomaly has occurred based on the one or more of the class prediction and the fitness score.

14 . The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
triggering, by the one or more computing devices, an alarm based on the anomaly.

15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein receiving, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data comprises receiving, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data from one or more sensors.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein receiving, by the one or more computing devices, the set of system data from one or more sensors comp

Assignees

• Ge Aviation Systems Llc

Inventors

• Svensen Johan Fredrik Markus
• Hardwick David Stephen
• Powrie Honor Elisabeth Georgette

Classifications

• G06F18/295

  Markov models or related models, e.g. semi-Markov models; Markov random fields; Networks embedding Markov models · CPC title

• G06N7/01 Primary

  Probabilistic graphical models, e.g. probabilistic networks · CPC title

• G05B23/024 Primary

  Quantitative history assessment, e.g. mathematical relationships between available data; Functions therefor; Principal component analysis [PCA]; Partial least square [PLS]; Statistical classifiers, e.g. Bayesian networks, linear regression or correlation analysis; Neural networks · CPC title

• E21B49/00

  Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells · CPC title

• E21B33/06 Primary

  Blow-out preventers {, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers (rotating blow-out preventers E21B33/085)} · CPC title