Metal air battery and gas diffusion layer thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016336602-A1
Application number	US-201615082092-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Mar 28, 2016
Priority date	May 15, 2015
Publication date	Nov 17, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A metal air battery including: a gas diffusion layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; at least one positive electrode layer disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, wherein the positive electrode layer is configured to use oxygen as an active material and includes a first electrolyte; a second electrolyte disposed on the positive electrode layer; and a negative electrode metal layer disposed on the second electrolyte, wherein a side surface of the gas diffusion layer, which connects the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, is exposed to an outside of the metal air battery, and the gas diffusion layer comprises an air flow channel that extends from the side surface of the gas diffusion layer which is exposed to the outside, to an inside of the gas diffusion layer.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A metal air battery comprising:
a gas diffusion layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; at least one positive electrode layer disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, wherein the positive electrode layer is configured to use oxygen as an active material and includes a first electrolyte; a second electrolyte disposed on the positive electrode layer; and a negative electrode metal layer disposed on the second electrolyte, wherein
at least one side surface among side surfaces of the gas diffusion layer, which connect the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, is exposed to an outside of the metal air battery, and
the gas diffusion layer comprises at least one air flow channel that extends from the at least one side surface of the gas diffusion layer, which is exposed to the outside, to an inside of the gas diffusion layer.

2 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein the at least one air flow channel extends in a direction which intersects a normal direction of the first surface.

3 . The metal air battery of claim 2 , wherein
the metal air battery comprises a plurality of air flow channels, and the air flow channels of the plurality of air flow channels are spaced apart from each other in a direction intersecting the normal direction of the first surface and intersecting the extension direction of the air flow channel.

4 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein
the side surfaces of the gas diffusion layer include a first side surface and a second side surface which is opposite to the first side surface, and wherein the at least one air flow channel includes at least one first air flow channel, which extends in direction from the first side surface and towards the inside of the gas diffusion layer , and at least one second air flow channel which extends in a direction from the second side surface towards the inside of the gas diffusion layer.

5 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a height of the at least one air flow channel is equal to a thickness of the gas diffusion layer.

6 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a height of the at least one air flow channel is less than a thickness of the gas diffusion layer.

7 . The metal air battery of claim 6 , wherein
the metal air battery comprises a plurality of air flow channels, and wherein the air flow channels of the plurality of air flow channels are disposed along a normal direction of the first surface.

8 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein the at least one air flow channel includes a straight section extending in a straight line, or a curved section extending in a curved line.

9 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein
the metal air battery comprises a plurality of air flow channels, and wherein the air flow channels of the plurality of air flow channels are disposed symmetrically or asymmetrically.

10 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional shape of the air flow channel includes at least one of a polygonal shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape.

11 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a total area of the at least one air flow channel is about 1 percent or more, based on a total area of the gas diffusion layer.

12 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a width of the at least one air flow channel is about 0.1 millimeter to about 5 millimeters.

13 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a width of the at least one air flow channel is maintained uniformly along an extension direction of the at least one air flow channel.

14 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein a width of the at least one air flow channel varies along an extension direction of the at least one air flow channel.

15 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode layer is bent as a single layer to face the first surface, the second surface, and a single side surface among the side surfaces of the gas diffusion layer.

16 . The metal air battery of claim 15 , wherein
the gas diffusion layer is disposed partially on the positive electrode layer, the negative electrode metal layer, the second electrolyte, and the positive electrode layer are bent onto the gas diffusion layer such that the positive electrode layer contacts the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein a single side surface of the gas diffusion layer is exposed to the outside.

17 . The metal air battery of claim 16 , wherein
the metal air battery comprises a plurality of gas diffusion layers, and the negative electrode metal layer, the second electrolyte, and the positive electrode layer are repeatedly bent such that the positive electrode layer contacts each of a first surface and a second surface of each gas diffusion layer of the plurality of gas diffusion layers.

18 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , wherein
the positive electrode layer includes a first positive electrode layer and a second positive electrode layer which is spaced apart from the first positive electrode, wherein the first positive electrode layer is disposed on the first surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein the second positive electrode layer is disposed on the second surface of the gas diffusion layer.

19 . The metal air battery of claim 1 , further comprising a positive electrode current collector disposed between the positive electrode layer and the gas diffusion layer, wherein the positive electrode current collector further comprises a plurality of pores.

20 . A gas diffusion layer of a metal air battery, the gas diffusion layer comprising:
a first surface; a second surface opposite to the first surface; side surfaces connecting the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer; and at least one air flow channel extending from at least one side surface among the side surfaces of the gas diffusion layer toward an inside of the gas diffusion layer.

21 . A method of manufacturing a metal air battery, the method comprising:
providing a gas diffusion layer comprising an air flow channel that extends from a side surface of the gas diffusion layer to an inside of the gas diffusion layer; disposing a positive electrode layer on a first surface and on a second surface of the gas diffusion layer, wherein the first surface of the gas diffusion layer is opposite to the second surface of the gas diffusion layer, and wherein the positive electrode layer comprises a first electrolyte; disposing second electrolyte on the positive electrode layer; and disposing a negative electrode metal layer on the second electrolyte to manufacture the metal air battery, wherein the side surface of the gas diffusion layer connects the first surface and the second surface of the gas diffusion layer and is exposed to an outside of the metal air battery.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Choi Kyounghwan
• Park Jungock

Classifications

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M8/0258 Primary

  characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant · CPC title

• H01M12/02

  Details (of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00) · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title