High-Energy Cathodes for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016336597-A1
Application number	US-201515111289-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jan 16, 2015
Priority date	Jan 17, 2014
Publication date	Nov 17, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries. The cathode active material may include particles of at least one ternary metal compound. The ternary metal has a formula M 1 y M 2 1 _ y A x where M 1 and M 2 are different and may be Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and/or Ni. A may be CI, F, N, O, or S, y may be any number between about 0.05 and about 0.95, and x may be any number between about 0.5 and about 4.

First claim

1 . A cathode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising particles of at least one ternary metal compound, wherein the ternary metal has a formula
M 1 y M 2 1-y A x wherein M 1 and M 2 are different and are selected from the group consisting of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni, A is selected from the group consisting of Cl, F, N, O, and S, y is any number between about 0.05 and about 0.95, and x is any number between about 0.5 and about 4.

2 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein A is F.

3 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein y is between about 0.3 and about 0.7, and x is between about 1 and about 3.

4 . (canceled)

5 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is Cu.

6 . The cathode active material of claim 5 , wherein M 2 is Fe, Ni, or Co.

7 - 8 . (canceled)

9 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is Ni and M 2 is Co.

10 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is Fe and M 2 is Ni.

11 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material has an initial discharge capacity of at least 500 mAh g −1 with a cut-off voltage of 1.5 V.

12 . (canceled)

13 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material has a charge capacity at least about 80% of an initial discharge capacity.

14 . (canceled)

15 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material has a Li/Li + working potential of at least 2.5 V.

16 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material has a voltage difference between charge and discharge of less than 0.5 V.

17 . The cathode active material of claim 1 , wherein the particles of at the least one ternary metal compound comprises a single phase.

18 . The cathode active material of claim 17 , wherein the single phase comprises a solid solution.

19 . The cathode active material of claim 18 , wherein M 1 and M 2 occupy a same lattice.

20 . The cathode active material of claim 17 , wherein the particles display a rutile like structure or a monoclinic like structure.

21 . (canceled)

22 . A cathode for a lithium-ion secondary battery, comprising the cathode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery of claim 1 , an electrically conductive material, and a binder.

23 . A lithium-ion secondary battery comprising the cathode of claim 22 , an anode, and an electrolyte.

24 . A method of forming a cathode active material, the method comprising:
forming a mixture of M 1 F 2 compound and a M 2 F 2 compound, wherein M 1 and M 2 are different and are selected from the group consisting of Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni; and subjecting the mixture to a mechanochemical reaction sufficient to form a solid solution phase.

25 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the mechanochemical reaction comprises ball-milling the mixture at between about 50 rpm and about 1000 rpm for between about 1 hour and about 25 hours.

26 . The method of claim 24 , wherein the solid solution phase is a single phase.

Assignees

• Brookhaven Science Ass Llc

Inventors

• Wang Feng
• Kim Sungwook
• Graetz Jason

Classifications

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/136

  Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• H01M4/582 Primary

  Halogenides · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title