Electrolytes for magnesium electrochemical cells

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016308248-A1
Application number	US-201514690961-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 20, 2015
Priority date	Apr 20, 2015
Publication date	Oct 20, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

An electrochemical cell includes a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater; an anode including Mg 0 ; and an electrolyte including an ether solvent and a magnesium salt; wherein: a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater.

First claim

1 . An electrochemical cell comprising:
a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater; an anode comprising Mg 0 ; and an electrolyte comprising an ether solvent and a magnesium salt; wherein:
a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater; and
the magnesium salt comprises Mg[B(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] 2 ; Mg[BF 2 (C 2 O 4 )] 2 ; Mg(ClO 4 ) 2 , Mg(BF 4 ) 2 ; Mg(PF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(AsF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(SbF 6 ) 2 ; MgBr 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

2 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the concentration is from 1 M to 4 M.

3 . The electrochemical cell of claim 2 , wherein the concentration is from 1 M to 2 M.

4 . The electrochemical cell of claim 3 , wherein the concentration is about 1.5 M.

5 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is configured to operate at 2 volts or greater.

6 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is configured to operate at 3 volts or greater.

7 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises a metal oxide.

8 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , or V 6 O 13 .

9 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises a sol-gel V 2 O 5 .

10 . (canceled)

11 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium salt comprises Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

12 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium salt comprises Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 .

13 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the ether solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, glyme, monoglyme, dimethyl glycol, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl glyme, diglyme, proglyme, ethyl diglyme, triglyme, butyl diglyme, tetraglyme, polyglyme, or higlyme.

14 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the ether solvent comprises diglyme, proglyme, ethyl diglyme, triglyme, butyl diglyme, tetraglyme, polyglyme, or higlyme.

15 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium salt consists of Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 , and the ether solvent consists of diglyme.

16 . The electrochemical cell of claim 1 , wherein the magnesium salt comprises Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

17 . An electrochemical cell comprising:
a high voltage cathode configured to operate at 1.5 volts or greater, the high voltage cathode comprising a sol-gel V 2 O 5 ; an anode comprising Mg 0 ; and an electrolyte comprising an ether solvent and a magnesium salt; wherein:
a concentration of the magnesium salt in the ether is 1 M or greater; and
the magnesium salt comprises Mg[B(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] 2 ; Mg[BF 2 (C 2 O 4 )] 2 ; Mg(ClO 4 ) 2 , Mg(BF 4 ) 2 ; Mg(PF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(AsF 6 ) 2 ; Mg(SbF 6 ) 2 ; MgBr 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

18 . The electrochemical cell of claim 17 , wherein the concentration is from 1 M to 4 M.

19 . The electrochemical cell of claim 17 , wherein the magnesium salt comprises Mg(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ; Mg(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ; Mg(C(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ) 2 ; Mg(N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 ; Mg(BF 3 C 2 F 5 ) 2 ; or Mg(PF 3 (CF 2 CF 3 ) 3 ) 2 .

20 . The electrochemical cell of claim 17 , wherein the magnesium salt consists of Mg(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ) 2 , and the ether solvent consists of diglyme.

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Burrell Anthony K
• Sa Niya
• Proffit Danielle Lee
• Lipson Albert
• Liao Chen
• Vaughey John T
• Ingram Brian J

Classifications

• H01M10/0569 Primary

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M4/13

  Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof · CPC title

• H01M2004/027

  Negative electrodes · CPC title

• H01M10/054

  Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title