Materials and methods for the preperation of nanocomposites

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016308107-A1
Application number	US-201615133494-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 20, 2016
Priority date	Apr 23, 2009
Publication date	Oct 20, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Disclosed herein is an isolable colloidal particle comprising a nanoparticle and an inorganic capping agent bound to the surface of the nanoparticle, a solution of the same, a method for making the same from a biphasic solvent mixture, and the formation of structures and solids from the isolable colloidal particle. The process can yield photovoltaic cells, piezoelectric crystals, thermoelectric layers, optoelectronic layers, light emitting diodes, ferroelectric layers, thin film transistors, floating gate memory devices, imaging devices, phase change layers, and sensor devices.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . An isolable colloidal particle comprising an inorganic capping agent bound to a surface of a nanoparticle and substantially free of an organic capping agent.

2 . A solution of the colloidal particle of claim 1 comprising a solvent and the inorganic capping agent bound to a surface of a nanoparticle; wherein the solution is substantially free of an organic capping agent.

3 . The solution of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is selected from a group consisting of water, dimethylsulfoxide, formamide, methylformamide, ethanolamine, dimethylformamide, benzonitrile, 1,3-butanediol, butanol, dimethylacetamide, dioxane, methoxyethanol, methylpyrrolidinone, pyridine, ethyleneglycol, glycerol, methanol, ethanol, trimethylamine, dimethylamine, methylamine, ammonia, triethylamine, tetramethylethylenediamine, trimethylethylenediamine, dimethylethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, acetonitrile, and a mixture thereof.

4 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the solvent is substantially free of hydrazine.

5 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent is selected from a group consisting of a polyatomic anion, a soluble metal chalcogenide, a soluble polyatomic metal chalcogenide anion, and a mixture thereof.

6 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent comprises a Zintl ion.

7 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent comprises an ion is selected from the group consisting of As 3 3− , As 4 2− , As 5 3− , As 7 3− , As 11 3− , AsS 3 3− , As 2 Se 6 3− , As 2 Te 6 3− , As 10 Te 3 2− , Au 2 Te 4 2− , Au 3 Te 4 3− , Bi 3 3− , Bi 4 2− , Bi 5 3− , Bi 7 3− , GaTe 2− , Ge 9 2− , Ge 9 4− , Ge 2 S 6 4− , HgSe 2 2− , Hd 3 Se 4 2− , In 2 Se 4 2− , In 2 Te 4 2− , Ni 5 Sb 17 4− , Pb 5 2− , Pb 7 4− , Pb 9 4− , Pb 2 Sb 2 2− , Sb 3 3− , Sb 4 2− , Sb 7 3− , SbSe 4 3− , SbSe 4 5− , SbTe 4 5− , Sb 2 Se 3 − , Sb 2 Te 5 4− , Sb 2 Te 7 4− , Sb 4 Te 4 4− , Sb 9 Te 6 3− , Se 2 2− , Se 3 2− , Se 4 2− , Se 5,6 2− , Se 6 2− , Sn 4 2− , Sn 5 2− , Sn 9 3− , Sn 9 4− , SnS 4 4− , SnSe 4 4− , SnTe 4 4− , SnS 4 Mn 2 5− , Sn 2 S 6 4− , Sn 2 Te 6 4− , Sn 2 Te 6 4− , Sn 2 Bi 2 2− , Sn 8 Sb 3− , Te 2 2− , Te 3 2− , Te 4 2− , Tl 2 Te 2 2− , TlSn 5 3− , TlSn 8 5− , TlSn 9 3− , TlTe 2 2− , and a mixture thereof.

8 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of a transition metal, a lanthanide, an actinide, a main group metal, a metalloid, and a mixture thereof.

9 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent comprises a soluble metal chalcogenide selected from the group consisting of molecular compounds derived from CuInSe 2 , CuIn x Ga 1-x Se 2 , Ga 2 Se 3 , In 2 Se 3 , In 2 Te 3 , Sb 2 S 3 , Sb 2 Se 3 , Sb 2 Te 3 , ZnTe, and a mixture thereof.

10 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the inorganic capping agent comprises a soluble metal chalcogenide that comprises a metal carbonyl chalcogenide.

11 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the nanoparticle is selected from the group consisting of a nanocrystal, a nanorod, a nanowire, and a mixture thereof.

12 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a core/shell nanoparticle or a dumbbell-like nanoparticle.

13 . The solution of any one of the proceeding claims, wherein the nanoparticle is selected from a group consisting of AlN, AlP, AlAs, Ag, Au, Bi, Bi 2 S 3 , Bi 2 Se 3 , Bi 2 Te 3 , CdS, CdSe, CdTe, Co, CoPt, CoPt 3 , Cu, Cu 2 S, Cu 2 Se, CuInSe 2 , CuIn (1-x) Ga x (S,Se) 2 , Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 , Fe, FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , FePt, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, GaSe, Ge, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InN, InP, InSb, InAs, Ni, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, Si, Sn, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, Au/PbS, Au/PbSe, Au/PbTe, Ag/PbS, Ag/PbSe, Ag/PbTe, Pt/PbS, Pt/PbSe, Pt/PbTe, Au/CdS, Au/CdSe, Au/CdTe, Ag/CdS, Ag/CdSe, Ag/CdTe, Pt/CdS, Pt/CdSe, Pt/CdTe, Au/FeO, Au/Fe 2 O 3 , Au/Fe 3 O 4 , Pt/FeO, Pt/Fe 2 O 3 , Pt/Fe 3 O 4 , FePt/PbS, FePt/PbSe, FePt/PbTe, FePt/CdS, FePt/CdSe, FePt/CdTe, CdSe/CdS, CdSe/ZnS, InP/CdSe, InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSe, InAs/CdSe, InAs/ZnSe, and a mixture thereof.

14 . A method of making the colloidal particle of claim 1 comprising
admixing a solution of an inorganic capping agent in a first solvent and a solution of a nanoparticle in a second solvent, wherein the second solvent is appreciably immiscible in the first solvent.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the nanoparticle has a size and a shape before admixing and wherein the size and shape before admixing is approximately the same as a size and shape after admixing.

16 . The method of either claim 14 or 15 , wherein the solution of the nanoparticle in the second solvent comprises an organic capping agent bound to a surface of the nanoparticle.

17 . The method of any one of claims 14 to 16 , wherein the first solvent and the second solvent are substantially free of hydrazine.

18 . The method of any one of claims 14 to 17 ,
wherein the first solvent is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butanediol, acetonitrile, ammonia, benzonitrile, butanol, dimethylacetamide, dimethylamine, dimethylethylenediamine, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, ethanol, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, ethyleneglycol, formamide, glycerol, methanol, methoxyethanol, methylamine, methylformamide, methylpyrrolidinone, pyridine, tetramethylethylenediamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, trimethylethylenediamine, and water, and mixtures thereof; and wherein the second solvent is selected from the group consisting of pentane, pentanes, cyclopentane, hexane, hexanes, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, nonane, decane, dodecane, hexadecane, benzene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, toluene, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, diisopropyl ether, diethyl ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, and mixtures thereof.

19 . The method of any one of claims 14 to 18 further comprising isolating the colloidal particle from the second solvent.

20 . The method of any one of claims 14 to 19 , wherein the colloidal particle is substantially free of an organic capping agent.

21 . A method of making a colloidal material, a colloidal matrix, or an alloy comprising:
depositing a solution that comprises a solvent and a first plurality of colloidal particles, on a substrate; wherein a colloidal particle comprises a first plurality of inorganic capping agent bound to a surface of a nanoparticle; and wherein the solution is substantially free of an organic capping agent.

22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the colloidal particle further comprises a second plurality of inorganic capping agent bound to the surface of the nanoparticle.

23 . The method of any one of claims 21 to 22 , wherein the solution further comprises inorganic capping agent not bound to a surface of the nanoparticle.

24 . The method of any one of claims 21 to 23 further comprising depositing a second solution, which comprises a second solvent and a second plurality of colloidal particles, on a substrate; wherein a colloidal particle of the second plurality comprises an inorganic capping agent bound to a surface of a nanopartic

Assignees

• Univ Chicago

Inventors

• Talapin Dmitri V
• Kovalenko Maksym V
• Lee Jong-Soo
• Jiang Chengyang

Classifications

• H01B1/06

  mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances · CPC title

• C09D5/24

  Electrically-conducting paints {(conductive materials H01B1/00)} · CPC title

• C09D1/00

  Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances · CPC title

• H01L35/16 Primary

  Electricity · mapped topic

• H01B1/10

  sulfides · CPC title