1 . The method of fabricating a part by selectively melting powder, the method comprising the following steps:
depositing a first layer of a first powder having a first element as its main element; depositing, on the first layer, a second layer of a second powder having a second element as its main element, which second element is different from the first element; and moving a first energy beam over the second layer, the energy delivered by the first beam serving to initiate an exothermic reaction between the first element and the second element, the energy given off by the exothermic reaction acting to locally melt together the first and second layers.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first element is selected from the following elements: Nb, Mo, V, Ta, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni; the second element is selected from the following elements: Si or Al; and the exothermic reaction takes place between the first element and Si or Al, and causes silicides or aluminides to be formed.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first element is Nb or Mo.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second element is Si.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
the first element is Ti; the second element is selected from the following elements: Si or Al; and the exothermic reaction takes place between the first element and Si or Al, and causes silicides or aluminides to be formed.
6 . The method according to claim 5 , wherein the second element is Al.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein a second energy beam is moved over the first layer prior to depositing the second layer, the energy delivered by the second beam acting to locally and superficially melt the first layer.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the above-specified operations are reiterated until said part is obtained.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , applied to fabricating a metal part that is to be subjected to operating temperatures lying in the range 600° C. to 1500° C. or higher than 1500° C.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is applied to fabricating a turbomachine part.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first energy beam is a laser beam or an electron beam.