Methods for co-processing carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016305029-A1
Application number	US-201514688578-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 16, 2015
Priority date	Apr 16, 2015
Publication date	Oct 20, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A method for co-processing H 2 S and CO 2 in an electrolyzer includes feeding a first gas stream having H 2 S to an anode and feeding a second gas stream having CO 2 to a cathode. The H 2 S is split into hydrogen and elemental sulfur. The hydrogen is transferred from the anode to the cathode, and the CO 2 is hydrogenated with the transferred hydrogen. A method for producing electricity in a fuel cell includes feeding a first gas stream having H 2 S and CO to an anode, and feeding a second gas stream having oxygen to a cathode. The H 2 S and CO forms hydrogen and carbonyl sulfide. The hydrogen is transferred from the anode to the cathode. The transferred hydrogen is oxidized with the oxygen of the second gas stream, and electricity formed from the oxidation is collected.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method for co-processing H 2 S and CO 2 in an electrolyzer that comprises an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte positioned between and in electrochemical contact with the anode and the cathode, the method comprising:
feeding a first gas stream comprising H 2 S to the anode of the electrolyzer; feeding a second gas stream comprising CO 2 to the cathode of the electrolyzer; splitting H 2 S of the first gas stream into hydrogen and elemental sulfur; transferring the hydrogen split from the H 2 S of the first gas stream from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode; and hydrogenating the CO 2 from the second gas stream with the hydrogen that was transferred from the anode.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the CO 2 from the second gas stream is hydrogenated according to a reaction as follows:

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the CO 2 from the second gas stream is hydrogenated to form water and one of methane and methanol.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises a metal sulfide.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the anode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of NiS, MoS 2 , WS 2 , CoS, Li 2 S/CoS 1.35 , FeMoS, NiMoS, CoMoS, VO 5 , LiCoO 2 , Pt/TiO 2 , Pd, Au, Ag, Ru, Rd, Ir, Nb 2 O 5 —Ni, BaO—Ni, Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2 —Ni, CuFe 2 S 4 , CuNi 2 S 4 , CuCoS 4 , NiCo 2 S 4 , NiFe 2 S 4 , and mixed metal oxides of La, Sr, Mn, Ti, Cr, Ga, Y, V, Fe, Co, Mo, Ce, Mg, Gd, and Ba.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a member selected from the group consisting of perovskite materials of the general type ABO 3 and ABMO 3 that exhibit proton conductivity at high temperatures, zirconia- and ceria-based proton conducting electrolytes, and solid acids of the general type MHXO 4 and M 3 H(XO 4 ) 2 , where M is Cs, NH 4 , Rb, and X is S or Se.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein CO is added to the first gas stream, and the method further comprises forming carbonyl sulfide.

8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the method further comprises feeding the carbonyl sulfide to a decomposer where the carbonyl sulfide is split into elemental sulfur and CO.

9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the CO produced in the decomposer by splitting the carbonyl sulfide is the CO added to the first gas stream.

10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second gas stream comprises CO 2 and an additional hydrogen source.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrogen split from the H 2 S of the first gas stream is transferred from the anode across the electrolyte and form promoting species on the cathode.

12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first gas stream comprises H 2 S and CO 2 and the method further comprises forming SO x and CO after the H 2 S in the first gas stream is split into hydrogen and elemental sulfur.

13 . A method for producing electricity in a fuel cell that comprises an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte positioned between and in electrochemical contact with the anode and cathode, the method comprising:
feeding a first gas stream comprising H 2 S and CO to the anode; feeding a second gas stream comprising oxygen to the cathode; forming carbonyl sulfide from the H 2 S of the first gas stream and the CO of the first gas stream; transferring the hydrogen split from the H 2 S of the first gas stream from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode; electrochemically reducing the hydrogen that is transferred from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode with the oxygen of the second gas stream; and collecting electricity formed from the oxidizing of the hydrogen that is transferred from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode.

14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the method further comprises feeding the carbonyl sulfide to a decomposer where the carbonyl sulfide is split into elemental sulfur and CO.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the CO produced in the decomposer by splitting the carbonyl sulfide is the CO of the first gas stream.

16 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the anode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Co 9 S 8 , NiS, FeS, MnS, Cr 2 S 3 , ZnS, MoS 2 , Cu 2 S, V 3 S 4 , Ti 5 S 4 , WS 2 , CuFe 2 S 4 , CuNi 2 S 4 , CuCoS 4 , NiCo 2 S 4 , NiFe 2 S 4 , YSZ, ScSZ, ScYSZ, GDC, CGO, CeO 2 , TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , SDC, BCY, CZI, and BCN.

17 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a member selected from the group consisting of perovskite materials of the general type ABO 3 and ABMO 3 that exhibit proton conductivity at high temperatures, zirconia- and ceria-based proton conducting electrolytes, and solid acids of the general type MHXO 4 and M 3 H(XO 4 ) 2 , where M is Cs, NH 4 , Rb, and X is S or Se.

18 . A method for producing electricity in a fuel cell that comprises an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte positioned between and in electrochemical contact with the anode and cathode, the method comprising:
feeding a first gas stream comprising H 2 S and CO 2 to the anode; splitting the H 2 S from the first gas stream into hydrogen and elemental sulfur; forming SO x and CO from the elemental sulfur split from the H 2 S of the first gas stream and the CO 2 of the first gas stream; transferring the hydrogen split from the H 2 S of the first gas stream from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode; exhausting the hydrogen transferred from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode from the fuel cell; and collecting electricity formed from the oxidizing of the hydrogen that is transferred from the anode across the electrolyte to the cathode.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the anode comprises a metal sulfide selected from the group consisting of NiS, MoS 2 , WS 2 , CoS, Li 2 S/CoS 1.35 , FeMoS, NiMoS, CoMoS, VO 5 , LiCoO 2 , Pt/TiO 2 , Pd, Au, Ag, Ru, Rd, Ir, Nb 2 O 5 —Ni, BaO—Ni, Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2 —NiCuFe 2 S 4 , CuNi 2 S 4 , CuCoS 4 , NiCo 2 S 4 , NiFe 2 S 4 , La, Sr, Mn, Ti, Cr, Ga, Y, V, Fe, Co, Mo, Ce, Mg, Gd, Ba, YSZ, ScSZ, ScYSZ, GDC, CGO, CeO 2 , TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , SDC, BCY, CZI, and BCN.

20 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a member selected from the group consisting of perovskite materials of the general type ABO 3 and ABMO 3 that exhibit proton conductivity at high temperatures, zirconia- and ceria-based proton conducting electrolytes, solid acids of the general type MHXO 4 and M 3 H(XO 4 ) 2 , where M is Cs, NH 4 , Rb, and X is S or Se.

Assignees

• Saudi Arabian Oil Co

Inventors

• Souentie Stamatios
• Ballesteros Alberto Lozano
• Simeon Fritz

Classifications

• H01M8/0637

  Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell · CPC title

• C25B1/02 Primary

  Hydrogen or oxygen · CPC title

• C07C1/12

  from carbon dioxide with hydrogen · CPC title

• H01M8/22

  Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen · CPC title

• C25B5/00

  Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which electricity is generated simultaneously · CPC title