Extended life Energy Storage Systems and Methods of Manufacturing Thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016293938-A1
Application number	US-201415034745-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 17, 2014
Priority date	Nov 6, 2013
Publication date	Oct 6, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices where an electroactive moiety is chemically attached to a conductive polymer In particular, the invention relates to the design and fabrication of electrodes for the use in electrochemical storage devices having an electrochemically active conjugate. The electrochemically active conjugate preferably has an electroactive moiety selected from electroactive metal center, an electroactive organic species, or an electroactive non-metal species. Depending on the selected electroactive moiety, it can be attached either directly or through an appropriate linker to the conductive polymer.

First claim

1 . A stable electrochemically active conjugate, comprising;
a conductive polymer; and an electrochemical moiety covalently linked to the conductive polymer.

2 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein the electroactive moiety comprises an electroactive metal center bound to a multidentate ligand.

3 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 2 , wherein the multidentate ligand forms an amide covalent bond with the conductive polymer.

4 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 2 , wherein the multidentate ligand is selected from a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, or a combination thereof.

5 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive polymer is selected from the group consisting of polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyparaphenylene sulfide, polyparaphenylenevinylene, polythiophene, polyisothionapthene, and combinations thereof.

6 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 2 , wherein the electroactive metal center is a transition metal having multiple accessible valence states.

7 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 6 , wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), magnesium (Mg), and rhenium (Re).

8 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 2 , wherein the multidentate ligand is selected from the group consisting of terpyridine, ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), bipyridine, porphyrin, phthalocyanine, pyrazole, pyridine, and phosphine.

9 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 2 , wherein the conductive polymer is polypyrrole, the electroactive metal center is ruthenium (Ru) coordinated with at least one bipyridine, and wherein at least one of the bipyridines is functionalized to form an amide bond with polypyrrole.

10 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein the electroactive moiety is a non-metal electroactive organic center that has multiple accessible valence states.

11 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 10 , wherein the non-metal electroactive organic center is selected from dialkoxyaryl or trialkoxyaryl.

12 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 11 , wherein the dialkoxyaryl is 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, or 1,4-dimethoxybenzene.

13 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 11 , wherein the trialkoxyaryl is 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene, or 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene.

14 . The electrochemically active conjugate according to claim 10 , wherein the conductive polymer is selected from the group consisting of polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyparaphenylene sulfide, polyparaphenylenevinylene, polythiophene, polyisothionapthene, and combinations thereof.

15 . A stable electrochemically active conjugate, comprising:
a polypyrrole conductive polymer; and an electrochemical moiety covalently linked to the polypyrrole conductive polymer, wherein the electrochemical moiety comprises a ruthenium metal center coordinated with one or more bipyridines, and at least one of said bipyridines is functionalized to form an amide bond with polypyrrole.

16 . An electrode comprising
a conductive support; and the electrochemically active conjugate of claim 1 attached to the conductive support.

17 . The electrode of claim 16 , wherein the electrode is an anode.

18 . The electrode of claim 16 , wherein the electrode is a cathode.

19 . The electrode of claim 16 , wherein the conductive support comprises a conductive carbon.

20 . An electrochemical storage cell comprising a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte solution, wherein either the anode, the cathode or both comprise the electrochemically active conjugate of claim 1 .

21 . The electrochemical storage cell of claim 20 , wherein the electrochemical cell is a lithium-ion battery having a cathode composed of an electrochemically active conjugate of Fe(EDTA) - - - PPy on carbon support to produce charge carriers.

22 . The electrochemical storage cell of claim 20 , wherein the electrochemical cell is a lithium-ion battery having a cathode composed of an electrochemically active conjugate of Ru[bpy] 2 [bpyCONH  ] +2 . . . PPy on carbon support to produce charge carriers.

Assignees

• Univ New York State Res Found

Inventors

• Takeuchi Kenneth J
• Takeuchi Esther S
• Marschilok Amy C

Classifications

• H01M4/364 Primary

  as mixtures · CPC title

• H01M4/602

  Polymers · CPC title

• H01M4/625

  Carbon or graphite · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/137

  Electrodes based on electro-active polymers · CPC title