Multimetallic core/interlayer/shell nanoparticles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016288102-A1
Application number	US-201514677707-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Apr 2, 2015
Priority date	Apr 2, 2015
Publication date	Oct 6, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A multimetallic core/interlayer/shell nanoparticle comprises an inner core formed from a first metal. An interlayer is disposed on the first layer. The interlayer includes a plurality of gold atoms. An outer shell is disposed over the interlayer. The outer shell includes platinum and the first metal. A surface of the NP is substantially free of gold. The first metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, vanadium, yttrium, ruthenium, palladium, scandium, tin, lead and zinc.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A nanoparticle, comprising:
an inner core formed from a first metal; an interlayer disposed on the inner core, the interlayer comprising a plurality of gold atoms; and an outer shell disposed over the interlayer, the outer shell comprising platinum and the first metal, wherein, a surface of the nanoparticle is free of gold.

2 . The nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the first metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, vanadium, yttrium, ruthenium, palladium, scandium, tin, lead and zinc.

3 . The nanoparticle of claim 2 , wherein the first metal is nickel.

4 . The nanoparticle of claim 2 , wherein the first metal is catalytically inert such that all of a catalytic activity of the nanostructure is provided by the platinum.

5 . The nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the inner core has a diameter in the range of 2.5 nm to 3.5 nm.

6 . The nanoparticle of claim 5 , wherein the interlayer has a thickness in the range of 0.5 nm to 2 nm.

7 . The nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein the outer shell has a thickness in the range of 0.5 nm to 2 nm.

8 . The nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein an amount of gold in the nanoparticle is in the range of 5 atom % to 28 atom %.

9 . The nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle retains greater than 90% of a catalytic activity of the nanoparticle after 10,000 potential cycles.

10 . A catalyst, comprising:
an electrically conducting substrate; a plurality of nanoparticles disposed within the electrically conducting substrate, the nanoparticles comprising:
an inner core comprising a first metal,
an interlayer disposed on the inner core, the interlayer comprising a plurality of gold atoms, and
an outer shell disposed over the interlayer, the outer shell comprising platinum and the first metal,
wherein, a surface of the nanoparticles is free of gold.

11 . The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the electrically conducting substrate comprises carbon.

12 . The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the first metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, vanadium, yttrium, ruthenium, palladium, scandium, tin, lead and zinc.

13 . The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the inner core has a diameter in the range of 2.5 nm to 3.5 nm.

14 . The catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the interlayer has a thickness in the range of 0.5 nm to 2 nm.

15 . The catalyst of claim 14 , wherein the outer shell has a thickness in the range of 0.5 nm to 2 nm.

16 . The catalyst of claim 11 , wherein an amount of gold in nanoparticle is in the range of about 5 atom % to about 28 atom %.

17 . The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the catalyst retains greater than 90% of a catalytic activity of the catalyst after 10,000 potential cycles.

18 . A method of forming a nanoparticle comprising a nickel core, a gold interlayer, and a platinum-nickel outer shell, the method comprising:
dissolving nickel(II)acetyl acetonate in a solution comprising oleylamine and oleic acid; heating the solution to a first temperature; adding tetraethylammonium borohydrate to the heated solution; maintaining the heating at the first temperature for a first time to form nickel nanoparticles; reducing the temperature of the solution to a second temperature; adding benzyl ether, oleyl amine and gold(III)chloride to the solution; maintaining the solution at the second temperature for a second time to deposit gold on the nickel nanoparticles and form nickel/gold nanoparticles; adding Ni(II)acetate tetrahydrate, diphenyl ether and 1,2-tetradecanediol to the solution: heating the solution to a third temperature; adding platinum(II)acetyl acetonate and o-dichlorobenzene to the solution; and maintaining the heat for a third time to deposit platinum and nickel on the nickel/gold nanoparticles and form nickel/gold/platinum-nickel nanoparticles.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the first temperature is in the range of 80 degrees Celsius to about 100 degrees Celsius.

20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the first time is in the range of 20 minutes to 40 minutes.

21 . The method of claim of claim 18 , wherein the second temperature is in the range of 40 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius.

22 . The method of claim 21 , wherein the second time is in the range of 10 hours to 14 hours.

23 . The method of claim 18 , wherein the third temperature is in the range of 180 degrees Celsius to 220 degrees Celsius.

24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein the third time is in the range of 20 minutes to 40 minutes.

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Stamenkovic Vojislav
• Markovic Nenad
• Kang Yijin

Classifications

• B01J35/45

  Nanoparticles · CPC title

• Y10S977/892

  Liquid phase deposition · CPC title

• B01J35/0013

  Operations & Transport · mapped topic

• B01J35/026

  Operations & Transport · mapped topic

• Y10S977/773

  Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less · CPC title