Wearable multi-modal physiological sensing system

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016287181-A1
Application number	US-201315037315-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 5, 2013
Priority date	Dec 5, 2013
Publication date	Oct 6, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A PPG signal may be obtained from a pulse oximeter, which employs a light emitter and a light sensor to measure the perfusion of blood to the skin of a user. However, the signal may be compromised by noise due to motion artifacts. To address the presence of motion artifacts, examples of the present disclosure can receive light information from each of two light guides, one in contact with the tissue of the user and one not in contact with the tissue of the user. First light information can be obtained from the first light guide, and second light information can be obtained from the second light guide. A heart rate signal can then be computed from the first and second light information, for example, by using blind source separation and/or cross-correlation.

First claim

1 . A method of an electronic device including a plurality of light emitters, a plurality of light sensors, and a plurality of light guides, the method comprising:
emitting light from a first light emitter through a first light guide, wherein the first light emitter is located a first distance away from a tissue of a user; receiving first light information from the first light guide; emitting light from a second light emitter through a second light guide, wherein the second light emitter is located a second distance, greater than the first distance, away from the tissue of the user; receiving second light information from the second light guide; and computing a heart rate signal based on the first and second light information.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a surface of the first light guide is curved such that the surface is configured to contact the tissue of the user.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second light guide is recessed with respect to the electronic device such that the second light guide is configured not to contact the tissue of the user.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein computing the heart rate signal based on the first and second light information includes performing blind source separation on the first and second light information.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein computing the heart rate signal based on the first and second light information includes performing cross-correlation on the first and second light information.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein emitting light through the first light guide includes emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths through the first light guide; and
wherein computing the heart rate signal includes performing blind source separation on light information of the plurality of wavelengths.

7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of wavelengths include wavelengths of red, green, and blue light.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the plurality of light sensors are in contact with respective light guides through which light is sensed, and one or more of the plurality of light sensors are not in contact with respective light guides through which light is sensed.

9 - 16 . (canceled)

17 . An electronic device, comprising:
a first light guide; a first light emitter configured to emit light through the first light guide; a first light sensor configured to receive first light information from the first light guide; a second light guide; a second light emitter configured to emit light through the second light guide; a second light sensor configured to receive second light information from the second light guide; and processor configured to: compute a heart rate signal based on the first and second light information.

18 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein a surface of the first light guide is curved such that the surface is configured to contact a tissue of a user.

19 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the second light guide is recessed with respect to the electronic device such that the second light guide is configured not to contact a tissue of a user.

20 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein computing the heart rate signal based on the first and second light information includes performing blind source separation on the first and second light information.

21 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein computing the heart rate signal based on the first and second light information includes performing cross-correlation on the first and second light information.

22 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein the first light emitter is configured to emit a plurality of wavelengths through the first light guide; and
further wherein computing the heart rate signal includes performing blind source separation on light information of the plurality of wavelengths.

23 . The electronic device of claim 22 , wherein the plurality of wavelengths include wavelengths of red, green, and blue light.

24 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein one or more of the plurality of light sensors are in contact with respective light guides through which light is sensed, and one or more of the plurality of light sensors are not in contact with respective light guides through which light is sensed.

25 . The electronic device of claim 17 , where the first light guide protrudes with respect to the electronic device.

26 . The electronic device of claim 17 , wherein at least one of the first light sensor and the second light is configured to be more sensitive to light of a first wavelength than light of a second wavelength.

27 . The electronic device of claim 23 , wherein the second light emitter is configured to emit a plurality of second wavelengths through the second light guide, the plurality of second wavelengths including wavelengths of red, green, and blue light, and
further wherein computing the heart rate signal includes performing blind source separation on light information of the plurality of second wavelengths.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Han Chin San
• Wang Albert

Classifications

• A61B5/7214 Primary

  using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths · CPC title

• A61B5/02416

  using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation (A61B5/14552 takes precedence) · CPC title

• A61B5/7246

  using correlation, e.g. template matching or determination of similarity · CPC title

• A61B5/6824

  Arm or wrist · CPC title

• A61B5/6831

  Straps, bands or harnesses · CPC title