Lithium ion battery and capacitor hybrid system in a single pouch

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016285137-A1
Application number	US-201615015227-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 4, 2016
Priority date	Mar 25, 2015
Publication date	Sep 29, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Lithium-ion battery cells and a lithium-ion utilizing capacitor cells are placed spaced-apart in a common container and infiltrated with a common lithium-ion transporting, liquid electrolyte. The lithium-ion-utilizing capacitor and lithium-ion cell battery are combined such that their respective electrodes may be electrically connected, either in series or parallel connection for energy storage and management in an automotive vehicle or other electrical power supply application.

First claim

1 . An enclosed hybrid combination of a (i) a unitary assembly of one or more lithium-ion battery electrochemical cells, each battery cell having a layered structure and (ii) a unitary assembly of one or more electrochemical capacitor cells, each capacitor cell having a layered structure, the unitary assembly of lithium-ion battery cells and the unitary assembly of capacitor cells being physically separated from each other while enclosed in a single common sealed container, the enclosed lithium-ion battery assembly and the enclosed capacitor assembly both being in contact with a single, common, lithium ion conducting, liquid electrolyte solution for the electrochemical performance of their respective capacitor and battery functions; the layered battery cells and layered capacitor cells of the hybrid combination being further characterized as follows:
each layered lithium-ion battery cell comprises an anode current collector layer with two opposing faces and an anode electrical connector tab, a porous layer of particulate battery cell anode material deposited on each face of the anode current collector, a cathode current collector layer with two opposing faces and a cathode electrical connector tab, a porous layer of particulate battery cell cathode material deposited on each face of the cathode current collector, and a porous separator layer physically separating facing porous layers of battery cell anode material and cathode material; each layered capacitor cell comprises an anode current collector layer with two opposing faces and an anode electrical connector tab, a porous layer of particulate capacitor anode electrode material deposited on each face of the anode current collector, a cathode current collector layer with two opposing faces and a cathode electrical connector tab, a porous layer of particulate capacitor cell cathode material deposited on each face of the cathode electrode current collector, and a porous separator layer physically separating all facing porous layers of capacitor cell anode material and cathode material; and the common lithium ion electrolyte solution comprising lithium cations and suitable anions for battery cell function and capacitor cell function.

2 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii a capacitor as stated in claim 1 in which porous layer electrodes and separators of the lithium-ion battery and the porous layer electrodes of the capacitor are formed with the same rectangular shapes and rectangular side dimensions.

3 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as stated in claim 1 in which the layered structure of the lithium battery and the layered structure of the capacitor are separated from each other in their common container by a distance in the range of 0.01 mm to 10 mm.

4 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as stated in claim 1 in which the outer layer of the layered structure of the lithium battery is a porous separator layer and the outer layer of the layered structure of the capacitor is a porous separator layer and the porous separator layers serve to separate the lithium-ion battery and the capacitor from each other in their common container.

5 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as stated in claim 1 in which the outer layer of the layered structure of the lithium battery is a porous separator layer and the outer layer of the layered structure of the capacitor is a porous separator layer and the outer porous separator layers serve are separated from each other in their common container by a distance in the range of 0.01 mm to 10 mm.

6 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the battery and capacitor are placed in a polymer-coated aluminum foil pouch.

7 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the battery and capacitor are placed in a polymer-coated metal foil pouch having an polymeric interior structure that physically separates the battery and capacitor while permitting ionic-conductivity by the common electrolyte contacting each of them.

8 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the cathode current collector foil for each cell of the battery and capacitor is an aluminum foil and the anode current collector foil for each cell of the battery and capacitor is a copper foil.

9 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which each battery cell cathode connector tab is connected as a battery cathode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container, each battery cell anode connector tab is connected as a battery anode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container, each capacitor cell cathode connector tab is connected as a capacitor cathode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container, and each capacitor cell anode connector tab is connected as a capacitor anode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container.

10 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which each battery cell cathode connector tab and each capacitor cathode connector tab are connected as a common cathode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container, and each battery cell anode connector tab and each capacitor connector tab is connected as an anode terminal which extends outside the common sealed container.

11 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the capacitor cathode material and the capacitor anode material each comprises activated carbon.

12 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the active battery cell anode material is Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 spinel.

13 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the battery cell anode active material is LiMn 2 O 4 spinel.

14 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 1 in which the common electrolyte comprises a lithium salt selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium tetraftuoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), hexaftuoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), and lithium triftuoroethanesulfonimide.

15 . A hybrid combination of a (i) lithium-ion battery and (ii) a capacitor as recited in claim 14 in which the electrolyte salt is dissolved in one or more non-aqueous solvents selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, and propylene carbonate.

16 . An enclosed hybrid combination of a (i) a unitary assembly of one or more lithium-ion battery electrochemical cells, each battery cell having a layered structure with opposing faces of each layer, rectangular sides and an end face and (ii) a unitary assembly of one or more electrochemical capacitor cells, each capacitor cell having a layered structure with opposing faces of each layer, rectangular sides of the same dimensions as the sides of the battery cell, and an end face, the unitary assembly of lithium-ion battery cells and the unitary assembly of capacitor cells being enclosed in a single common sealed container with the end face of a battery cell spaced up to 10 mm from the end face of a capacitor cell, the enclosed lithium-ion battery assembly and the enclosed capacitor assembly both b

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Gayden Xiaohong Q
• Yu Zhiqiang
• Liu Haijing

Classifications

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01G11/24

  characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor · CPC title

• H01M4/0404

  by coating on electrode collectors · CPC title

• H01G11/46

  Metal oxides · CPC title

• H01G11/86

  specially adapted for electrodes (carbonisation or activation of carbon for the manufacture of electrodes H01G11/34) · CPC title