Aqueous redox flow batteries featuring improved cell design characteristics

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016264603-A1
Application number	US-201615162475-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	May 23, 2016
Priority date	Jul 27, 2012
Publication date	Sep 15, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Provided are compositions having the formula M n Ti(L1)(L2)(L3) wherein L1 is a catecholate, and L2 and L3 are each independently selected from catecholates, ascorbate, citrate, glycolates, a polyol, gluconate, glycinate, hydroxyalkanoates, acetate, formate, benzoates, malate, maleate, phthalates, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, polyamine, aminophenolates, acetylacetone or lactate; each M is independently Na, Li, or K; n is 0 or an integer from 1-6. Also provided are energy storage systems.

First claim

What is claimed is the following:

1 . A composition comprising:
a metal complex containing at least one unsubstituted catecholate or substituted catecholate ligand, and at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of a substituted catecholate, ascorbate, citrate, gluconate, lactate, glycolate, a polyol, glycinate, a hydroxyalkanoate, acetate, formate, benzoate, malate, maleate, phthalate, sarcosinate, salicylate, oxalate, a urea, a polyamine, an aminophenolate, and acetylacetonate.

2 . The composition of claim 1 , further comprising:
sodium and potassium counterions forming a salt of the metal complex.

3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal complex contains at least one unsubstituted catecholate ligand and at least one substituted catecholate ligand.

4 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the at least one substituted catecholate ligand comprises a sulfonated catecholate ligand.

5 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the at least one substituted catecholate ligand comprises a hydroxycatecholate ligand.

6 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the metal complex contains two unsubstituted catecholate ligands and one substituted catecholate ligand.

7 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the metal complex contains one unsubstituted catecholate ligand and two substituted catecholate ligands.

8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal complex comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Sn, Ti, U, W, Zn and Zr.

9 . The composition of claim 8 , wherein the metal complex comprises Ti.

10 . An aqueous solution comprising the composition of claim 1 .

11 . The aqueous solution of claim 10 , wherein the metal complex has a concentration of at least about 0.5 M in the aqueous solution.

12 . The aqueous solution of claim 10 , wherein the metal complex contains at least one unsubstituted catecholate ligand and at least one substituted catecholate ligand.

13 . The aqueous solution of claim 12 , wherein the at least one substituted catecholate ligand comprises a sulfonated catecholate ligand.

14 . The aqueous solution of claim 12 , wherein the at least one substituted catecholate ligand comprises a hydroxycatecholate ligand.

15 . The aqueous solution of claim 12 , wherein the metal complex contains two unsubstituted catecholate ligands and one substituted catecholate ligand.

16 . The aqueous solution of claim 12 , wherein the metal complex contains one unsubstituted catecholate ligand and two substituted catecholate ligands.

17 . The aqueous solution of claim 10 , further comprising:
sodium and potassium counterions forming a salt of the metal complex.

18 . The aqueous solution of claim 10 , wherein the metal complex comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mo, Sn, Ti, U, W, Zn and Zr.

19 . The aqueous solution of claim 18 , wherein the metal complex comprises Ti.

20 . A flow battery comprising:
a first half-cell containing a first electrolyte solution; and a second half-cell containing a second electrolyte solution;
wherein at least one of the first electrolyte solution and the second electrolyte solution comprises the aqueous solution of claim 10 .

Assignees

• Lockheed Martin Advanced Energy Storage Llc

Inventors

• Esswein Arthur J
• Reece Steven Y
• King Evan R
• Goeltz John
• Amadeo Desiree D

Classifications

• C07F7/28 Primary

  Titanium compounds · CPC title

• H01M8/188 Primary

  by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries · CPC title

• H01M8/20

  Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible (H01M8/18 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/9008

  Organic or organo-metallic compounds · CPC title

• Y02E60/50

  Fuel cells · CPC title