Methods and systems for orienting nanomaterials

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016245807-A1
Application number	US-201415031793-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Oct 24, 2014
Priority date	Oct 25, 2013
Publication date	Aug 25, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for systems of enhancing the signal to noise ratio, methods of orienting a nanomaterial (e.g., an antibody), methods of enhancing the signal to noise ratio in a system (e.g., an assay system), and the like.

First claim

We claim at least the following:

1 . A method of orienting a nanomaterial, comprising:
exposing a solution including the nanomaterial to a substrate; applying an electric field to the substrate; uniformly orienting the nanomaterial on the surface of the substrate; and immobilizing the nanomaterial to the surface of the substrate so that the nanomaterials are uniformly aligned on the surface of the substrate.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a solid-state substrate.

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the nanomaterial is a biomaterial.

4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the biomaterial is selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, and a polynucleotide.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein applying includes applying the electric field laterally across the substrate.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein uniformly orienting includes orienting about 70% or more of the nanomaterial disposed on the surface of the substrate.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the angle of orientation relative to the surface is about 70 to 120°.

8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein uniformly orienting includes orienting about 70% or more of the nanomaterial disposed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the angle of orientation relative to the surface is about 70 to 120°, and wherein the nanomaterial is a biomaterial selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, and a polynucleotide.

9 . A method of enhancing the signal to noise ratio in a system, comprising:
applying an electric field to a substrate, wherein a solution including a nanomaterial is disposed on the substrate, wherein the electric field causes the nanomaterials to uniformly orientate and align on the surface of the substrate; wherein an enhanced signal to noise ratio is produced as compared to an otherwise identical system that does apply the electric field.

10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is a solid-state substrate.

11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the nanomaterial is selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, a polynucleotide.

12 . The method of claim 9 , wherein applying includes applying the electric field laterally across the substrate.

13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein uniformly oriente includes orienting about 70% or more of the nanomaterial disposed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the angle of orientation relative to the surface is about 70 to 120°, and wherein the nanomaterial is a biomaterial selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, and a polynucleotide.

14 . A system, comprising:
a substrate, wherein a nanomaterial has an affinity for a surface of the substrate; and an electric field system configured to apply an electric field to the substrate to uniformly orientate and align the nanomaterial on the surface of the substrate, wherein the system is configured to produce an enhanced signal to noise ratio than an otherwise identical system that does include the electric field system.

15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the substrate is a solid-state substrate.

16 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the nanomaterial is selected from the group consisting of: a protein, an antibody, an antigen, a polynucleotide, and a hapten.

17 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the electric field system is configured to apply the electric field laterally across the substrate.

18 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the electric field is a DC electric field.

19 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the electric field is configured to apply an electric field lateral to the substrate.

20 . The system of claim 14 , wherein uniformly orientate includes orienting about 70% or more of the nanomaterial disposed on the surface of the substrate, wherein an angle of orientation relative to the surface is about 70 to 120°, and wherein the nanomaterial is a biomaterial selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide, a protein, an antibody, an antigen, and a polynucleotide.

21 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the substrate is an array and the system is part of an array system.

Assignees

• Univ Leland Stanford Junior
• The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland And Stanford Junior Univ

Inventors

• Emaminejad Sam
• Javanmard Mehdi
• Gupta Chaitanya
• Howe Roger T

Classifications

• G01N33/543 Primary

  with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals · CPC title

• G01N33/54393 Primary

  Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding · CPC title

• G01N33/54306

  Solid-phase reaction mechanisms · CPC title