Porous oil binder and method for the production thereof

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016200602-A1
Application number	US-201414915198-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Aug 27, 2014
Priority date	Aug 27, 2013
Publication date	Jul 14, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrophobed porous oil binder in the form of a nonwoven fabric composed of lignocellulose-containing raw materials having a biologically functionalized surface for removing mineral-oil-based contaminants in seas, rivers, inland waters, and stormwater basins or wastewater treatment plants, wherein the density of the oil binder is 10 to 900 kg/m 3 , the oil binder is 1 to 25 mm thick, the broad surface of the oil binder has a dimension of 9 to 200 cm 2 , the porosity of the oil binder is 30 to 96%, measured with respect to the total fraction of the oil binder, and the flexural strength of the oil binder is at least 1.5 N/mm 2 .

First claim

1 . A porous oil binder in the form of a nonwoven material, comprising fibres formed from lignocellulosic raw materials, wherein:
a) the density of the oil binder is 10 to 900 kg/m 3 , b) the oil binder is 1 to 25 mm thick, c) the large surface of the oil binder has a dimension of 9 to 200 cm 2 , d) the pore fraction of the oil binder is 30% to 96%, and e) the bending strength of the oil binder is at least 1.5 N/mm 2 .

2 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the oil binder comprises hydrophobized fibres.

3 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic raw materials are obtained from wood, grain, flax, rape, rice or cotton straw, coconut fibres, bagasse, bamboo, cork, seaweed, tree bark or mixtures thereof.

4 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic raw materials are thermally modified.

5 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the oil binder comprises animal-based raw materials in a proportion by weight in the range 5% to 15% by weight.

6 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are hydrophobized with natural or nature-identical additives such as paraffins, waxes, synthetic or natural latex, bark extracts, tannins or mixtures thereof.

7 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the fibre surface is wetted with a natural or synthetic binder such as starches, proteins, urea resins, isocyanates or mixtures thereof.

8 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the moisture content of the oil binder is 5% to 20% by weight, measured as the ATRO weight of the fibrous material.

9 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the fibres or the oil binder comprises immobilized microorganisms.

10 . The oil binder according to claim 9 , that wherein the microorganism community consists of alkanotrophic bacteria of the genuses Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas as well as phototrophic algae and cyanobacteria from the genuses Microcoleus, Phormidium, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria and Anabaena.

11 . The oil binder according to claim 1 , wherein still-lyophilised microorganisms or microorganisms in suspension are added to the oil binder for the purposes of immobilisation during production of the oil binder and/or immediately before using the oil binder.

Assignees

• Univ Dresden Tech
• Universität Leipzig
• Univ Dresden Tech
• Uni Leipzig

Inventors

• Unbehaun Holger
• Tech Soren
• Konig Swetlana
• Safonova Elena
• Wagenfuhr Andre
• Wilhelm Christian

Classifications

• D04H1/425

  Cellulose series · CPC title

• B01J2220/4831

  having been subjected to further processing, e.g. paper, cellulose pulp · CPC title

• E02B15/101

  Means floating loosely on the water absorbing the oil (absorbing materials C02F) · CPC title

• C09K3/32 Primary

  for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat · CPC title

• C02F1/681 Primary

  by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water · CPC title