Cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016197341-A1
Application number	US-201414910840-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Aug 6, 2014
Priority date	Aug 22, 2013
Publication date	Jul 7, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

A cathode composition is provided. The composition includes particles having the following formula Li[Li x (Ni a Mn b Co c ) 1-x ]O 2 , where 0<x<0.3, 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, a+b+c=1, a/b≦1. The composition further includes a coating composition having the formula Li f Co g [PO 4 ] 1-f-g (0≦f<1, 0≦g<1). The coating composition is disposed on an outer surface of the particles.

First claim

1 . A cathode composition comprising:
particles having the following formula Li[Li x (Ni a Mn b Co c ) 1-x ]O 2 , where 0<x<0.3, 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, a+b+c=1, a/b≦1; and a coating composition comprising Li f Co g [PO 4 ] 1-f-g (0≦f<1, 0≦g<1) wherein the coating composition is disposed on an outer surface of the particles wherein the composition has an O3 type structure; and wherein the cathode composition, including the coating composition, has been subjected to baking at a temperature of 750° C. or higher for at least 30 minutes.

2 . A cathode composition comprising:
particles having the following formula Li[Li x (Ni a Mn b Co c ) 1-x ]O 2 , where 0<x<0.3, 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, a+b+c=1; and a coating composition comprising M h [PO 4 ] 1-h (0<h<1) wherein M comprises Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, any rare earth element (REE) or combinations thereof and wherein the coating composition is disposed on an outer surface of the particles; wherein the particles have an O3 type structure; and wherein the cathode composition, including the coating composition, has been subjected to baking at a temperature of 750° C. or higher for at least 30 minutes.

3 . A cathode composition according to claim 2 , wherein the phosphate-based coating comprises a material having the formula Ca h [PO 4 ] 1-h where 0<h<1.

4 . A cathode composition according to claim 2 , wherein the phosphate-based coating comprises a material having the formula La h [PO 4 ] 1-h where 0<h<1.

5 . A lithium transition metal oxide composition according to claim 2 , wherein the composition is in the form of a single phase.

6 . A cathode composition comprising:
composite particles, the composite particles comprising: a core comprising a layered lithium metal oxide having an O3 crystal structure,
wherein the layered lithium metal oxide comprises nickel, manganese, or cobalt,
wherein if the layered lithium metal oxide is incorporated into a cathode of a lithium-ion cell, and the lithium-ion cell is charged to at least 4.6 volts versus Li/Li + and then discharged, then the layered lithium metal oxide exhibits no dQ/dV peaks below 3.5 volts, and
wherein the core comprises from 30 to 85 mole percent of the composite particle, based on the total moles of atoms of the composite particle; a shell layer having an O3 crystal structure enclosing the core,
wherein the shell layer comprises an oxygen-loss, layered lithium metal oxide;
and a coating composition selected from Li f M g [PO 4 ] 1-f-g wherein M is Co, Ni or Mn or a combination thereof; 0≦f<1, 0≦g<1) or
M h [PO 4 ] 1-h (0<h<1), wherein M comprises Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, La, any rare earth element (REE) or combinations thereof,
wherein the coating composition is disposed on an outer surface of the particles;
wherein the cathode composition, including the coating composition, has been subjected to baking at a temperature of 750° C. or higher for at least 30 minutes.

7 . The cathode composition of claim 6 , wherein the shell composition has a Ni/Mn atomic ratio that is less than or equal to one.

8 . The cathode composition of claim 6 , wherein the capacity of the composite particle is greater than the capacity of the core.

9 . The cathode composition of claim 6 , wherein the shell layer is selected from the group consisting of Li[Li 0.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 ]O 2 and Li[Li 0.06 Mn 0.525 Ni 0.415 ]O 2 .

10 . A method for making a cathode composition, the method
comprising: forming a cathode composition according to claim 6 ; and heating the cathode composition at a temperature of 750° C. or higher for at least 30 minutes.

11 . A lithium-ion battery comprising:
an anode; a cathode comprising a composition according to claim 1 ; and an electrolyte.

12 . A cathode composition comprising:
particles having the following formula Li[Li x (Ni a Mn b Co c ) 1-x ]O 2 , where 0<x<0.3, 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, a+b+c=1; and a coating composition comprising M h [PO 4 ] 1-h (0<h<1) wherein M comprises Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, any rare earth element (REE) or combinations thereof and wherein the coating composition is disposed on an outer surface of the particles; wherein the particles have an O3 type structure; and wherein there is an observed diffraction peak is between 30 and 35 degrees in X-ray diffraction patterns using Cu Ka wavelength.

Assignees

• 3M Innovative Properties Co

Inventors

• Lu Zhonghua
• Eberman Kevin W
• Triemert Matthew J

Classifications

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/366 Primary

  as layered products · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title