Positive active material, lithium batteries including the positive active material, and method of preparing the positive active material

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016156028-A1
Application number	US-201514739124-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jun 15, 2015
Priority date	Nov 27, 2014
Publication date	Jun 2, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Provided are a positive active material, lithium batteries including the positive active material, and a method of preparing the positive active material. The positive electrode active material, includes a core including a compound capable of reversibly performing intercalation or deintercalation of lithium ions; and a coating layer including an inorganic material adhered to at least a portion of a surface of the core, the inorganic material having an apatite structure.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A positive electrode active material, comprising:
a core including a compound capable of reversibly performing intercalation or deintercalation of lithium ions; and a coating layer including an inorganic material adhered to at least a portion of a surface of the core, the inorganic material having an apatite structure.

2 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inorganic material having the apatite structure is represented by the following Formula 1:
Me 10 (PO 4 ) 6 X 2   [Formula 1]
where Me is calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), or strontium (Sr); and X is a hydroxyl group (—OH), F, or Cl.

3 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inorganic material having the apatite structure includes one or more of calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), barium hydroxyapatite (Ba 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), strontium hydroxyapatite (Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), calcium fluoroapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 F 2 ), barium fluoroapatite (Ba 10 (PO 4 ) 6 F 2 ), strontium fluoroapatite (Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 F 2 ), calcium chloroapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 ), barium chloroapatite (Ba 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 ), or strontium chloroapatite (Sr 10 (PO 4 ) 6 Cl 2 ).

4 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inorganic material having the apatite structure is adhered to the surface of the core in a layered form or an island form.

5 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the coating layer further includes lithium.

6 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material includes about 90% by weight to about 99.99% by weight of the core and about 0.01% by weight to about 10% by weight of the inorganic material having the apatite structure.

7 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the positive electrode active material includes about 95% by weight to about 99.9% by weight of the core and about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight of the inorganic material having the apatite structure.

8 . The positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the core includes one or more of LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , Li(Ni a Co b Al c )O 2 , Li(Ni a Co b Mn c )O 2 (where 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, and a+b+c=1), LiNi 1-Y Co Y O 2 , LiCo 1-Y Mn Y O 2 , LiNi 1-Y Mn Y O 2 (where 0≦Y<1), Li(Ni a Co b Mn c )O 4 (where 0<a<2, 0<b<2, 0<c<2, and a+b+c=2), Li[Li a Ni b Co c Mn d M f ]O 2-x F x (where M is one or more of Ti, V, Al, Mg, Cr, Fe, Zr, Re, Al, B, Ge, Ru, Sn, Nb, Mo, or Pt; a+b+c+d+f=1; 0<a<1, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, 0<d<1, and 0<f<1; and 0≦x<0.1), LiMn 2-z Ni z O 4 , LiMn 2-z Co z O 4 (where 0<Z<2), LiCoPO 4 , LiFePO 4 , V 2 O 5 , TiS, or MoS.

9 . A lithium battery, comprising:
a positive electrode including the positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 1 ; a negative electrode opposite of the positive electrode; and an electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

10 . The lithium battery as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the lithium battery is operated in a voltage range of about 4.3 V to about 4.6 V.

11 . A method of preparing a positive electrode active material, the method comprising:
mixing an inorganic material having an apatite structure with an organic solvent to prepare a coating solution; applying the coating solution to a surface of a core, the core including a compound capable of reversibly performing intercalation or deintercalation of lithium ions; and heat-treating the core to which the coating solution is applied.

12 . The method of preparing the positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the inorganic material having the apatite structure is represented by the following Formula 1:
Me 10 (PO 4 ) 6 X 2   [Formula 1]
where Me is calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), or strontium (Sr); and X is a hydroxyl group (—OH), F, or Cl.

13 . The method of preparing the positive electrode active material as claimed in claim 11 , wherein heat-treating the core to which the coating solution is applied is performed at a temperature of about 600° C. to about 1,000° C. for about 3 hours to about 10 hours.

Assignees

• Samsung Sdi Co Ltd

Inventors

• Je Hyunjoo
• Kim Jihyun
• Kim Changwook
• You Yongchan

Classifications

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/5825

  Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines · CPC title

• H01M4/136

  Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy · CPC title

• H01M4/36 Primary

  Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title