Carbon nanotube fibers/filaments formulated from metal nanoparticle catalyst and carbon source

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016138199-A1
Application number	US-201615000406-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Jan 19, 2016
Priority date	Dec 22, 2004
Publication date	May 19, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

Disclosed is a method of: providing a mixture of a polymer or a resin and a transition metal compound, producing a fiber from the mixture, and heating the fiber under conditions effective to form a carbon nanotube-containing carbonaceous fiber. The polymer or resin is an aromatic polymer or a precursor thereof and the mixture is a neat mixture or is combined with a solvent. Also disclosed are a carbonaceous fiber or carbonaceous nanofiber sheet having at least 15 wt. % carbon nanotubes, a fiber or nanofiber sheet having the a polymer or a resin and the transition metal compound, and a fiber or nanofiber sheet having an aromatic polymer and metal nanoparticles.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A carbon nanotube-containing fiber made by a method comprising:
providing a polymer or resin that is an aromatic polymer or a precursor thereof; providing an amount of a transition metal compound; dissolving the polymer or resin and the amount of the transition metal compound in a solvent to produce a solution; producing a fiber from the solution;
wherein the fiber is formed using a spinneret or by electrospinning; and
heating the fiber under conditions effective to form the carbon nanotube-containing fiber.

2 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is a polar aprotic solvent.

3 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are formed by heating the fiber in an inert atmosphere to a temperature of 600-2700° C.

4 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
heating the fiber under conditions effective to convert the precursor to the aromatic polymer before heating to form the carbon nanotube-containing fiber.

5 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 4 , wherein the precursor is polyacrylonitrile.

6 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 4 , wherein the resin is a coal pitch polymer, a petroleum pitch polymer, or a pitch resin polymer.

7 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 4 , wherein the precursor or resin is converted to the aromatic polymer by heating in the presence of oxygen to a temperature of 200-300° C.

8 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the aromatic polymer is a phthalonitrile polymer or thermoset thereof.

9 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 8 , wherein the phthalonitrile polymer is formed from

wherein n is a positive integer.

10 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal compound is octacarbonyldicobalt, 1-(ferrocenylethynyl)-3-(phenylethynyl)benzene, diironnonacarbonyl, or bis(1,5-cyclooctodiene)nickel(0).

11 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber further comprises metal nanoparticles.

12 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube-containing fiber is a component of a nanofiber sheet.

13 . The carbon nanotube-containing fiber of claim 1 , wherein—the fiber is produced when at least 50% of the amount of the transition metal compound remains in the solution.

14 . A nanofiber sheet comprising at least 15 wt. % carbon nanotubes.

15 . The nanofiber sheet of claim 14 , wherein nanofiber sheet further comprises metal nanoparticles.

16 . A nanofiber sheet comprising a mixture of:
a polymer or a resin; and a transition metal compound;
wherein the polymer or resin is an aromatic polymer or a precursor thereof.

17 . The nanofiber sheet of claim 16 , wherein the polymer or resin is a phthalonitrile polymer, polyacrylonitrile, coal pitches, petroleum pitches, or pitch resins.

18 . The nanofiber sheet of claim 16 , wherein the transition metal compound is octacarbonyldicobalt, 1-(ferrocenylethynyl)-3-(phenylethynyl)benzene, diironnonacarbonyl, or bis(1,5-cyclooctodiene)nickel(0).

19 . A nanofiber sheet comprising:
an aromatic polymer; and metal nanoparticles.

20 . The nanofiber sheet of claim 18 , wherein the aromatic polymer is a phthalonitrile polymer or a thermo-oxidative stabilized polyacrylonitrile, coal pitches, petroleum pitches, or pitch resins.

Assignees

• Us Government

Inventors

• Keller Teddy M
• Laskoski Matthew

Classifications

• D01F9/12 Primary

  Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof · CPC title

• D01F1/02

  Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt (addition of substances to viscose D01F2/08) · CPC title

• D01F9/14

  by decomposition of organic filaments · CPC title

• D01F9/127

  by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours {or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols} · CPC title

• D04H1/4242

  Carbon fibres · CPC title